Literature Review Internet - 4548 Words

A Literature Review on: An Exploration of Internet Programming Technologies for Learning Wayne State University CSC5750 Principles of Web Technology Susan Genden Susan Genden aw0809 Abstract This literature review offers a commentary on programming applications specifically in the area of emerging online technologies for learning. Included is a brief history on the growth of these instructional technologies. We explore four literature reviews that discuss intelligent tutors (used on a one-to-one basis and in a collaborative environment), and virtual reality environments. These publications show students working online successfully in a range of learning situations, where students become more active learners and exercise†¦show more content†¦Students could learn at their convenience, and could limit training to precise information. Educators became increasingly aware of opportunities to create online learning that would offer more student autonomy and more student control, attributes of constructivist learning (Reiser). There are now over 10 million students online globally (Jalobeanu, 2003). Universities use learning management systems such as blackboar d.com, WebCT, DigitalThink.com, eCollege.com, and skillsoft (Piramuthu, 2005). Some expectations in online learning courses are: they should offer expert information, practice, guidance, experience, feedback, assessments and flexibility (Alessi, Trollip, 2001). Beyond that, intelligent tutors are meant respond to students’ individual abilities and provide more interactivity (Ong Ramachandran, 2003). Can the learner actively explore and control the experience? Is 3 Susan Genden aw0809 collaborative learning taking place? Is the online learning interesting to learners? Online environments may include behavioral components (such as Skinner’s operant conditioning with rewards for certain behaviors), cognitive components (â€Å"†¦memorization, attitudes, motivation, †¦reflection, and †¦internal processes†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ), and constructivism, where students construct their own meaning (Alessi, et al., p. 19, 2001). What are the many programming issues to consider? What are advantages of these systems? We will now explore the use ofShow MoreRelatedLiterature Review On Security Of Internet Of Things1519 Words   |  7 PagesLiterature Review on security of Internet of Things Department of Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering, College of Engineering, Pune, India Abstract The concept of the internet of things is that every physical of object in the real world has a virtual component on the internet that can produce and consume services .Such super connected objects would be of great convivences but they would require novel approaches to ensure security and ethical uses. While internet of things is more thanRead MoreLiterature Review On The Online Shopping At The Internet Stores901 Words   |  4 Pages2. LITERATURE REVIEW Nowadays, people use internet as a daily device to access their emails, do online tasks, to read online headline, look for certain information and many other functions (Bellman, 2001). This daily usage of the Internet by these people takes them naturally to operate it as a shoppers stop too. Additional constituents found which makes a difference to the buying behaviour of the buyers and their attitudes include their culture surroundings, particular needs, commitment of the productRead MoreLiterature Review on Voice over Internet Protocol. by Lawal Babatunde from Tai Solarin University of Education3467 Words   |  14 PagesCHAPTER TWO LITERATURE REVIEW ON VoIP 2.0 Background of VoIP The first implementation of transmitting voice over the network was in 1973 through Network Voice Protocol (NVP) which was invented for Advanced Research Projects Agency Network (ARPANET). In 1990’s, there were a lot of VoIP applications that faced the problem of incompatibility due to fundamental differences between different vendors. 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People go online to sell and buy bothRead MoreAn Outline for a Research on Oline Shopping Essay566 Words   |  3 Pagesof trust of online sellers and their impact on consumer trust in online shopping. †¢ To recommend strategies to improve factors of trust of online sellers for the promotion of consumer trust in online shopping. 1.4. Significance of the Research Internet and other media has grown with a very fast pace in recent years due to which online shopping has become common but risks of that mode of shopping have also increased. Therefore level of consumer trust is one of the causes of ups and downs in theRead MoreInternet Addiction, Excessive Usage, And Gratification1419 Words   |  6 PagesNisaa Kirtman PSY 7102, Week 4 Internet addiction, excessive usage, and gratification: A review of two articles The growth of the internet and internet-dependency has become some of the many facets in people?s day-to-day lives. Smartphones, radio, the television, newspapers, and magazines are flooded with news and non-stop information that some may not classify as ?news? (e.g., celebrity gossip, etc.). It seems that the prevalence of the internet are indicators of a nation, communities, organizationsRead MoreAdvances And Development Of Tourism : A Literature Of Review1476 Words   |  6 Pages Advances of Technology in Tourism: A Literature of Review Introduction Technologies have influenced the growth and development of tourism industry in many ways. The issue that will be covered in this literature review is the advances of technology in tourism. The purpose of this literature review will explore the major opportunities for tourism service providers. The literature gathered from a variety of resources in particular areas of Internet and social media, innovation of technology inRead MoreEffect of Online Games Addiction on Study Habits1696 Words   |  7 PagesINTRODUCTION Online games are one of the medium of entertainment especially in the youth of modern era in Batangas. Virtual or cyber games over internet are direct personally to each individual user. It encourages and requires the participation of individual user or gamester. It is an inexpensive in the sense that the internet connections for the online games are easily accessible everywhere and anywhere and affordable these days. This aspect works in association with the personal characteristicRead MoreThe Information Assessment Method1038 Words   |  4 Pagesresults of research studies that have been selected for clinical relevance and critically appraised for methodological quality. These resources: (i) are selected based on evidence grading methodology and criteria, (ii) present the date of evidence review for each piece of information, (iii) correlate the treatment recommendations to the specific evidence, and (iv) are continuously revised and updated. The value of information can be conceptualized as, the acquisition of information, associated cognitiveRead MoreHow Do Wechat Affect Consumer Purchasing Behaviour On Beauty Products1100 Words   |  5 Pages1. Introduction Nowadays, social media and Internet became part of daily life. People spend more and more time going online. Many daily activities shifted to online, for example, online shopping, communicate with friends or relatives via social media or messaging app, share feelings and thoughts on social media platforms etc. In this paper, the aim is to investigate how do WeChat affect the consumer purchasing behaviour on beauty products in China. In 2013, China surpassed US to become the biggest

A Doll HOuse - 941 Words

In the play A Doll House, there are many references pertaining how a woman was expected to behave and how men were expected to behave in the time that this play was written. Nora’s character first appears to be very â€Å"female†. For an example, she doesn’t have a real job, she spends money carelessly, and she say and do things to make her appear very dependent on Torvald. On the other end Torvald her husband, makes the money for the family and he appears to be the nice one in the house. Role playing seems to be a game in Ibsen’s A Doll’s House. The main characters Nora and Torvald pretend to be someone who other people would like them to be, instead of being their true indentify. During those times the rules of society was that a woman was suppose to be a trophy wife and pleased a man in any way he asks and the man works and provides for his family and if you went against the rules you were acting unhuman like. Nora miserable by been treated by th e rules of society decides to play by her own rules and leaves her husband despite what society would thinks about her. While reading A doll House, I realized that Nora was treated as a puppet/doll mostly by her husband. Throughout the play he would treated her as he was her father rather than her husband. Torvald watched her evey move. He even made sure she didn’t eat sweets fearing that it would ruin her pefect teeth. Hel, â€Å"Hasn’t Miss Sweet Tooth been breaking rules in town today?† Nora, â€Å"No; what makes you think that?† Hel,Show MoreRelateda dolls house1153 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿ A Doll’s House South University Ibsen’s a doll house centers around a time where men worked and women were the care givers of the home. In a Doll’s House there were some major points made that eventually led up to that one defining moment. The defining moment for me was when Nora decided that she no longer wants to live the lifestyle of being the â€Å"doll†. It starts with Torvalds reading the letter about her borrowing the money and Nora’s secret is finally exposedRead MoreDoll House799 Words   |  4 PagesIn A Doll’s House by Henrik Ibsen, a woman named Nora is facing a life altering situation that stands to both ruin her social and private life. In dealing with the potential outcomes of the scenario, Nora comes to find that she has been living a convenient mistruth. Nora’s greatest and most damaging lies are lies she tells to herself. As is seen numerous times throughout the play, Nora hides, withholds, and distorts the truth in order to please everyone around her, including herself. Nora is presentedRead MoreA Doll s House : Dolls2775 Words   |  12 Pages A Doll’s House: Dolls in Real Life Introduction Today, the accepted roles of both women and men judged by society’s expectations is an extremely controversial topic. Feminism is a battle that many women are fighting, because even though today’s women can be and accomplish almost anything, men often play the more superior role in many relationships. The role of women has been viewed differently throughout different points in history and in different areas. However, many people don t realize thatRead MoreA Doll s House : Dolls2775 Words   |  12 Pages A Doll’s House: Dolls in Real Life Introduction Today, the accepted roles of both women and men judged by society’s expectations is an extremely controversial topic. Feminism is a battle that many women are fighting, because even though today’s women can be and accomplish almost anything, men often play the more superior role in many relationships. The role of women has been viewed differently throughout different points in history and in different areas. However, many people don t realizeRead MoreAnalysis Of A Doll House 846 Words   |  4 PagesDoll house Nora’s marriage has been a sham ever since the start. By the standard of modern day, she has legitimate ground to leave her husband Torvald. Because Torvald only cares about his image, he treats Nora as an object rather than a wife, Nora has never been taken seriously by her husband, and Torvald only loves her for her appearance. Torvalds image is of great importance to him considering now he is a bank manager, and he will not allow anything standing in his way to ruin this imageRead MoreA Dolls House Essay790 Words   |  4 PagesIt has been said that, some people think that it’s holding on that makes one strong; sometimes it’s letting go. In Henrik Ibsen’s A Doll’s House, Nora’s departure becomes the controversial topic of debate for many readers; was Nora Helmer justified in leaving her husband and kids or not? It is argued that both parents are needed for a child to succeed in life and that separation is an act of cowardness. Howeve r, several readers also debate that Nora was justified in leaving Torvald and her kids.Read MoreSymbolism in A Doll House1501 Words   |  7 Pages456 The Use of Symbolism in A Doll House Author Margaret Trudeau once said, â€Å"I can’t be a rose in any man’s lapel† (â€Å"I Can’t Be†). This quote expresses exactly what was going through many women’s minds during the 1800’s in Norway. Women had let their husbands control their lives for ages before the 1800’s. Soon, they could no longer stand being the rose in their husbands’ lapel. The women of Norway longed for freedom and began to rebel. Henrik Ibsen’s play, A Doll House, displays what women were goingRead MoreTrifles And A Doll House969 Words   |  4 Pageshundreds were not thought of as important as a man. The role of the woman was to stay home and perform household duties such as, caring for the children and the home. The role of the man was to work and speak for the family. The dramas Trifles and A Doll House, show how two women will commit a crime at all cost and somehow contrast with each other. Trifle is a word which is used to describe something with little importance or value. According to Suzy Clarkson Holstein, â€Å"SUSAN CLASPELL’S ‘TRIFLES’ isRead MoreSymbolism : A Doll House1069 Words   |  5 PagesBrittany Drake Professor Hammond English 102-106 Poetry Essay 6 October 2015 A Doll House: Symbolism In Henrik Ibsen’s A Doll House, there is plenty of symbolism that helps the play to move forward. Symbols as small as Nora eating macaroons, the tarantella dance, and the Christmas tree to as broad as New Year’s. The macaroons and the tarantella reveal Nora’s personality and her character. The Christmas tree and the concept of New Year’s reveal the current states of the relationships in the playRead MoreA Doll House 3800 Words   |  4 Pagescharacter, Torvald, in the play A Doll House, by Henrik Ibsen could be viewed as a morally ambiguous character. He displays the character traits of a morally ambiguous person. Torvald’s personal consumption of appearances shows how he treats his wife and home and personal pride. Torvald’s wife Nora is the center of several of the traits that classify him as a morally ambiguous character. Nora is more like a possession to Torvald than a soul mate or wife. She is like a doll to him, something that he

My Personal Philosophy of Education Free Essays

My philosophy of education are the types that are known as progressivism and existentialism. I believe that for me a combination of the two is a perfect way to teach. Progressivism is ideal because the teacher gives the student a say in what they can do within the classroom. We will write a custom essay sample on My Personal Philosophy of Education or any similar topic only for you Order Now It is a hands on system of working. I believe that students can learn very well if they do activities themselves. Learning about how to do something and actually getting to do it are two extremely different things. Existentialism is also ideal because this method of teaching allows children to confront his or her freedom. Children need a sense of freedom in making decisions about school work. I believe that if progressivism and extentialism are combined children can carry out hands on tasks while at the same time making an independent understanding of a particular concept. If a child learns hands on how to do something they will find it quite meaningful, and will be able to relate it more to veryday life. School work can become meaningful if a child independently understands what is being taught. Then, children will look forward to leaning and will be more comfortable learning from their teacher. I am looking forward to becoming a teacher. As a teacher of elementary students I will always hold high expectations of my students. I hope to find that children love to learn and also look forward to learning. However, I do understand that some students are not willing to this. I will ind this a challenge for me which I ma capable of handling I hope to always have students involved in what is being taught. I will do this by having hands on activities as well as independent activities. I will use fun methods and ideas to get children involved in the lesson. If a child is having fun this will enable the student to get a better understanding of a particular lesson. All in all, I want my students to have an understanding of the lesson while at the same time having fun! How to cite My Personal Philosophy of Education, Essay examples

Written Rational free essay sample

The aim is to explain how to apply hair extensions using the clip in method of attachment. To do this I must ensure that objectives are SMART (Specific, Measured, Achievable, Realistic, Time Driven) . To achieve learning outcome I will deliver my micro teaching session, demonstrating a selection of teaching and learning approaches to engage and motivate learners . To deliver my lesson I have chosen to use a PowerPoint presentation, hand outs, demonstration and group practice session on mannequins. I will use the Psycho motor domain of learning (doing) to asses learning. During the practical practice session I will use open questioning. I will also use descriptive feedback to describe what they have done and what they can do to complete the task successfully. Dale (1969) devised the cone of learning and experience to express how people remember what they read, hear, see and do. I have designed my session to enable learning with this concept in mind. Hair extensions is a wide subject, I will focus my delivery on, the history and the purpose of hair extensions, and the clip-in method of attachment. To enable learning it is essential that I am well prepared, for example I will need to have a clear and structured lesson plan, with detailed breakdown of the session regarding content, teacher/learner activities, resources, learning checks, allocated timings and assessment activities. I will use a mixture of teaching and learning approaches to keep learners motivated and use resources to support different learning styles. It is also important to ensure the learning environment is safe and supportive, appropriate and accessible. To do this I must ensure that room lay out, room temperature and lighting is appropriate. It is also important to carry out risk assessment and report any hazards found. Being aware of the accident, fire and emergency procedure is important if there is a need to evacuate. The register is also extremely important if there is a need to evacuate, this provide the detail of attendance and will eliminate the problem of searching for learners who had not attended on the day in question. The Health and Safety at Work Act (1974), states that reasonable care should be taken for the health and safety for oneself and others. Keeping record is essential to monitor attendance and progress of the learners. To ensure learning has taken place and to support the learning process and aid understanding, verbal and non-verbal communication should be effective and appropriate and to the level of the learners. A level 2 learner should not be expected to perform at level 4. This can be achieved by using assertive tones, speaking a little slower and louder without shouting. Non-verbal communication includes body language such as eye contact, posture, facial expression and gestures. A teacher/trainer should lead by example; enter the classroom projecting a professional image by dressing smart, being polite and courteous, use assertive tone to gather the attention of the learners. Ground rules should be discussed and negotiated; some rules are compulsory and are imposed without negotiation. Learners need to be aware of ground rules, to encourage respect, and manage behaviour. Example of imposed rules is: †¢No smoking †¢No anti-social behaviour †¢Following health and safety regulation †¢respecting others’ views and beliefs. Negotiable ground rules No eating or drinking during sessions †¢Switching off electronic devices †¢Time taken for breaks. Starting with an initial assessment, a quick question, will give an idea regarding what learners already know. Continue the assessment process during the session to aid learning and to determine if learning is taking place. Observation of the practical practice will provide a summative as sessment, it confirms the learning outcome. It is also important that I deliver my session with confidence and convey passion and enthusiasm, to retain attention and motivate the learners. The aim of my micro teach session is to make learners aware of, some of the reasons why hair extensions are worn, discuss the history of hair extensions and to examine some of the various methods of attachment . I will instruct and demonstrate how to apply the clip-in method of hair extensions on a mannequin head. The learner will then be given the opportunity to demonstrate what they have learnt, Concrete experience Kolb (1984). During the session I will keep the subject aim and objectives on display on the white board to serve as a reminder and point of reference . I have embedded literacy functional skills into learning by discussing the history and purpose of hair extensions, producing a PowerPoint presentation and hand outs for the session. The demonstration activity is timed and it is also necessary to calculate the hair quantity required to achieve the desired style, although this is very minimal it is still an opportunity to embed the functional skill of numeracy and the use of the PowerPoint presentation ensured ICT is also embedded in learning . Prior to the session I will prepare a mannequin head with all the methods of attachment I wanted to introduce to the learns. The PowerPoint presentation I produced will also include the aim and objectives of the session. I will back up this presentation on a USB stick . The Chinese proverb: I hear – I forget, I see – I remember, I do – I understand , suggest that seeing and doing, will produce a much greater learning outcome , as opposed to teaching sessions that are delivered with learners just listening. So with that in mind, I plan to deliver my session using a mixture of approaches. I have also designed the delivery method and resources for my session to accommodate different learning styles. ’ Fleming states that people can be grouped into four styles of learning ‘’visual, aural, read/write and kinaesthetic (VARK) Fleming (2005). The use of a presentation will be beneficial to the visual and aural learners it will enable learners to engage and absorb the subject as it is being delivered visually and aurally. The practical session will also be beneficial to the kinaesthetic learners. By varying my approach to teaching and learning I am encouraging whole class participation and ensuring ndividual and multi-modal learning styles are met. Using different approach can also help to ascertain any particular learner needs, the relevant additional support can then be provided, or teaching and resources can be adapted to meet the need of the learners. Using a larger font size for my presentation to ensure a visually impaired learner’s needs has been met. The PowerPoint presentation will also enable a systematic delivery of my lesson and serves as a hand out learners can keep for future reference. The learning environment should be conducive to learning. The physical and social environment is equally import to learning and meeting the needs of the learners. Barriers to learning should be identified and eliminated where possible, or the relevant points of referral should be made to deal with issues deemed to be outside the boundaries of a teacher/trainer. Eliminating barriers could be arranging room so learners are all able to see the white board and presentation are also able to participate in group work during the practical stage of the lesson. Working in groups to encourage interaction between learners, the room layout should also enable tutor/trainer interaction. To embrace equality and diversity my session will not be gender, age race, ability or culture bias. In the planning of my session I have also taken into account the needs of the learners, that I will deliver my micro teach session to. I am aware that there are learners with mobility issues, so doing the practice session standing could lead to exclusion because of disability. †You must not allow any form of discrimination in your classroom or learning situation . Not only is it morally wrong, it is likely to be illegal† (Reece and Walker,2007:295). To ensure inclusive learning, I will ask the learners to participate in the demonstration section of the lesson sitting at tables in groups, as opposed to standing which is customary. Having all the learner doing the practice session sitting, will ensure fairness and whole class participation. This will also ensure that I am complying with The Equality Act (2010). I have also tried to embed and advance diversity with the pictures in the presentation and hand outs. My own inclusive learning and teaching practice can be improve to meet the needs of the learner, by asking the learners complete evaluation questionnaires. The feedback would give an insight of the learners feeling’s regarding the session and the delivery of the session I could then examine the learning and teaching approaches and the strategies I have used and look at changes I could make to ensure that they are effective and inclusive. In my own specialism I could ensure that I used positive feedback to motive and give clear and specific guidance to learners, during formative assessment in practical sessions. It is also important to give constructive feedback to learners; this is feedback that promotes further development. During the practice session for my micro teach, ways of giving constructive feedback could be to use descriptive feedback to describe what has been done, how, and what the learner needs to do to complete the task successfully. In this Rationale I have outline the reasons why using inclusive learning and teaching approaches in my specialist subject area is important. I explain the importance of a clear and structured session plan. Ways to engage and motivate learner. The importance of setting ground rules and ways to maintain a safe and supportive learning environment. These are key factors that can affect learning outcome. In this rationale I have also written about the teaching and learning approaches, I will use to deliver my micro teach session. References Dale, E (1969) Audio Visual Methods in Teaching. Texas: Holt Rinehart and Winston. Fleming, N (2005) Teaching and Learning Styles: VARK Strategies. Honolulu: Honolulu Community College. Kolb, DA (1984) Experiential Learning: Experience as the source of learning and Development. New Jersey: Prentice-Hall. Reece, I and Walker, S (2007) Teaching, Training and Learning: A Practical Guide (6thEdn). Tyne Wear: Business Education Publishers. The Health and Safety at Work Act (1974)http://www. hse. gov. uk/legislation/hswa. htm Julie Walsh Cowie PTLLS Level 4 Rationale for micro-teach (Using Inclusive Learning and Teaching Approaches in Lifelong Learning) Subject: Hair extensions and methods of attachment Room: H6 Number of learners: 6-9 Start time: My micro-teach is about hair extensions and, methods of attachment. I am currently not in a teacher / trainer role, but I work with hair extensions in my job as a hair stylist, so I feel fairly comfortable delivering this subject to a group of learner. The aim is to explain how to apply hair extensions using the clip in method of attachment. To do this I must ensure that objectives are SMART (Specific, Measured, Achievable, Realistic, Time Driven) . To achieve learning outcome I will deliver my micro teaching session, demonstrating a selection of teaching and learning approaches to engage and motivate learners . To deliver my lesson I have chosen to use a PowerPoint presentation, hand outs, demonstration and group practice session on mannequins. I will use the Psycho motor domain of learning (doing) to asses learning. During the practical practice session I will use open questioning. I will also use descriptive feedback to describe what they have done and what they can do to complete the task successfully. Dale (1969) devised the cone of learning and experience to express how people remember what they read, hear, see and do. I have designed my session to enable learning with this concept in mind. Hair extensions is a wide subject, I will focus my delivery on, the history and the purpose of hair extensions, and the clip-in method of attachment. To enable learning it is essential that I am well prepared, for example I will need to have a clear and structured lesson plan, with detailed breakdown of the session regarding content, teacher/learner activities, resources, learning checks, allocated timings and assessment activities. I will use a mixture of teaching and learning approaches to keep learners motivated and use resources to support different learning styles. It is also important to ensure the learning environment is safe and supportive, appropriate and accessible. To do this I must ensure that room lay out, room temperature and lighting is appropriate. It is also important to carry out risk assessment and report any hazards found. Being aware of the accident, fire and emergency procedure is important if there is a need to evacuate. The register is also extremely important if there is a need to evacuate, this provide the detail of attendance and will eliminate the problem of searching for learners who had not attended on the day in question. The Health and Safety at Work Act (1974), states that reasonable care should be taken for the health and safety for oneself and others. Keeping record is essential to monitor attendance and progress of the learners. To ensure learning has taken place and to support the learning process and aid understanding, verbal and non-verbal communication should be effective and appropriate and to the level of the learners. A level 2 learner should not be expected to perform at level 4. This can be achieved by using assertive tones, speaking a little slower and louder without shouting. Non-verbal communication includes body language such as eye contact, posture, facial expression and gestures. A teacher/trainer should lead by example; enter the classroom projecting a professional image by dressing smart, being polite and courteous, use assertive tone to gather the attention of the learners. Ground rules should be discussed and negotiated; some rules are compulsory and are imposed without negotiation. Learners need to be aware of ground rules, to encourage respect, and manage behaviour. Example of imposed rules is: †¢No smoking No anti-social behaviour †¢Following health and safety regulation †¢respecting others’ views and beliefs. Negotiable ground rules †¢No eating or drinking during sessions †¢Switching off electronic devices †¢Time taken for breaks. Starting with an initial assessment, a quick question, will give an idea regarding what learners already know. Continue the assessment process during the session to aid learning a nd to determine if learning is taking place. Observation of the practical practice will provide a summative assessment, it confirms the learning outcome. It is also important that I deliver my session with confidence and convey passion and enthusiasm, to retain attention and motivate the learners. The aim of my micro teach session is to make learners aware of, some of the reasons why hair extensions are worn, discuss the history of hair extensions and to examine some of the various methods of attachment . I will instruct and demonstrate how to apply the clip-in method of hair extensions on a mannequin head. The learner will then be given the opportunity to demonstrate what they have learnt, Concrete experience Kolb (1984). During the session I will keep the subject aim and objectives on display on the white board to serve as a reminder and point of reference . I have embedded literacy functional skills into learning by discussing the history and purpose of hair extensions, producing a PowerPoint presentation and hand outs for the session. The demonstration activity is timed and it is also necessary to calculate the hair quantity required to achieve the desired style, although this is very minimal it is still an opportunity to embed the functional skill of numeracy and the use of the PowerPoint presentation ensured ICT is also embedded in learning . Prior to the session I will prepare a mannequin head with all the methods of attachment I wanted to introduce to the learns. The PowerPoint presentation I produced will also include the aim and objectives of the session. I will back up this presentation on a USB stick . The Chinese proverb: I hear – I forget, I see – I remember, I do – I understand , suggest that seeing and doing, will produce a much greater learning outcome , as opposed to teaching sessions that are delivered with learners just listening. So with that in mind, I plan to deliver my session using a mixture of approaches. I have also designed the delivery method and resources for my session to accommodate different learning styles. ’’ Fleming states that people can be grouped into four styles of learning ‘’visual, aural, read/write and kinaesthetic (VARK) Fleming (2005). The use of a presentation will be beneficial to the visual and aural learners it will enable learners to engage and absorb the subject as it is being delivered visually and aurally. The practical session will also be beneficial to the kinaesthetic learners. By varying my approach to teaching and learning I am encouraging whole class participation and ensuring individual and multi-modal learning styles are met. Using different approach can also help to ascertain any particular learner needs, the relevant additional support can then be provided, or teaching and resources can be adapted to meet the need of the learners. Using a larger font size for my presentation to ensure a visually impaired learner’s needs has been met. The PowerPoint presentation will also enable a systematic delivery of my lesson and serves as a hand out learners can keep for future reference. The learning environment should be conducive to learning. The physical and social environment is equally import to learning and meeting the needs of the learners. Barriers to learning should be identified and eliminated where possible, or the relevant points of referral should be made to deal with issues deemed to be outside the boundaries of a teacher/trainer. Eliminating barriers could be arranging room so learners are all able to see the white board and presentation are also able to participate in group work during the practical stage of the lesson. Working in groups to encourage interaction between learners, the room layout should also enable tutor/trainer interaction. To embrace equality and diversity my session will not be gender, age race, ability or culture bias. In the planning of my session I have also taken into account the needs of the learners, that I will deliver my micro teach session to. I am aware that there are learners with mobility issues, so doing the practice session standing could lead to exclusion because of disability. †You must not allow any form of discrimination in your classroom or learning situation . Not only is it morally wrong, it is likely to be illegal† (Reece and Walker,2007:295). To ensure inclusive learning, I will ask the learners to participate in the demonstration section of the lesson sitting at tables in groups, as opposed to standing which is customary. Having all the learner doing the practice session sitting, will ensure fairness and whole class participation. This will also ensure that I am complying with The Equality Act (2010). I have also tried to embed and advance diversity with the pictures in the presentation and hand outs. My own inclusive learning and teaching practice can be improve to meet the needs of the learner, by asking the learners complete evaluation questionnaires. The feedback would give an insight of the learners feeling’s regarding the session and the delivery of the session I could then examine the learning and teaching approaches and the strategies I have used and look at changes I could make to ensure that they are effective and inclusive. In my own specialism I could ensure that I used positive feedback to motive and give clear and specific guidance to learners, during formative assessment in practical sessions. It is also important to give constructive feedback to learners; this is feedback that promotes further development. During the practice session for my micro teach, ways of giving constructive feedback could be to use descriptive feedback to describe what has been done, how, and what the learner needs to do to complete the task successfully. In this Rationale I have outline the reasons why using inclusive learning and teaching approaches in my specialist subject area is important. I explain the importance of a clear and structured session plan. Ways to engage and motivate learner. The importance of setting ground rules and ways to maintain a safe and supportive learning environment. These are key factors that can affect learning outcome. In this rationale I have also written about the teaching and learning approaches, I will use to deliver my micro teach session. References Dale, E (1969) Audio Visual Methods in Teaching. Texas: Holt Rinehart and Winston. Fleming, N (2005) Teaching and Learning Styles: VARK Strategies. Honolulu: Honolulu Community College. Kolb, DA (1984) Experiential Learning: Experience as the source of learning and Development. New Jersey: Prentice-Hall. Reece, I and Walker, S (2007) Teaching, Training and Learning: A Practical Guide (6thEdn). Tyne Wear: Business Education Publishers. The Health and Safety at Work Act (1974)http://www. hse. gov. uk/legislation/hswa. htm Julie Walsh Cowie PTLLS Level 4 Rationale for micro-teach (Using Inclusive Learning and Teaching Approaches in Lifelong Learning) Subject: Hair extensions and methods of attachment Room: H6 Number of learners: 6-9 Start time: My micro-teach is about hair extensions and, methods of attachment. I am currently not in a teacher / trainer role, but I work with hair extensions in my job as a hair stylist, so I feel fairly comfortable delivering this subject to a group of learner. The aim is to explain how to apply hair extensions using the clip in method of attachment. To do this I must ensure that objectives are SMART (Specific, Measured, Achievable, Realistic, Time Driven) . To achieve learning outcome I will deliver my micro teaching session, demonstrating a selection of teaching and learning approaches to engage and motivate learners . To deliver my lesson I have chosen to use a PowerPoint presentation, hand outs, demonstration and group practice session on mannequins. I will use the Psycho motor domain of learning (doing) to asses learning. During the practical practice session I will use open questioning. I will also use descriptive feedback to describe what they have done and what they can do to complete the task successfully. Dale (1969) devised the cone of learning and experience to express how people remember what they read, hear, see and do. I have designed my session to enable learning with this concept in mind. Hair extensions is a wide subject, I will focus my delivery on, the history and the purpose of hair extensions, and the clip-in method of attachment. To enable learning it is essential that I am well prepared, for example I will need to have a clear and structured lesson plan, with detailed breakdown of the session regarding content, teacher/learner activities, resources, learning checks, allocated timings and assessment activities. I will use a mixture of teaching and learning approaches to keep learners motivated and use resources to support different learning styles. It is also important to ensure the learning environment is safe and supportive, appropriate and accessible. To do this I must ensure that room lay out, room temperature and lighting is appropriate. It is also important to carry out risk assessment and report any hazards found. Being aware of the accident, fire and emergency procedure is important if there is a need to evacuate. The register is also extremely important if there is a need to evacuate, this provide the detail of attendance and will eliminate the problem of searching for learners who had not attended on the day in question. The Health and Safety at Work Act (1974), states that reasonable care should be taken for the health and safety for oneself and others. Keeping record is essential to monitor attendance and progress of the learners. To ensure learning has taken place and to support the learning process and aid understanding, verbal and non-verbal communication should be effective and appropriate and to the level of the learners. A level 2 learner should not be expected to perform at level 4. This can be achieved by using assertive tones, speaking a little slower and louder without shouting. Non-verbal communication includes body language such as eye contact, posture, facial expression and gestures. A teacher/trainer should lead by example; enter the classroom projecting a professional image by dressing smart, being polite and courteous, use assertive tone to gather the attention of the learners. Ground rules should be discussed and negotiated; some rules are compulsory and are imposed without negotiation. Learners need to be aware of ground rules, to encourage respect, and manage behaviour. Example of imposed rules is: †¢No smoking No anti-social behaviour †¢Following health and safety regulation †¢respecting others’ views and beliefs. Negotiable ground rules †¢No eating or drinking during sessions †¢Switching off electronic devices †¢Time taken for breaks. Starting with an initial assessment, a quick question, will give an idea regarding what learners already know. Continue the assessment process during the session to aid learning a nd to determine if learning is taking place. Observation of the practical practice will provide a summative assessment, it confirms the learning outcome. It is also important that I deliver my session with confidence and convey passion and enthusiasm, to retain attention and motivate the learners. The aim of my micro teach session is to make learners aware of, some of the reasons why hair extensions are worn, discuss the history of hair extensions and to examine some of the various methods of attachment . I will instruct and demonstrate how to apply the clip-in method of hair extensions on a mannequin head. The learner will then be given the opportunity to demonstrate what they have learnt, Concrete experience Kolb (1984). During the session I will keep the subject aim and objectives on display on the white board to serve as a reminder and point of reference . I have embedded literacy functional skills into learning by discussing the history and purpose of hair extensions, producing a PowerPoint presentation and hand outs for the session. The demonstration activity is timed and it is also necessary to calculate the hair quantity required to achieve the desired style, although this is very minimal it is still an opportunity to embed the functional skill of numeracy and the use of the PowerPoint presentation ensured ICT is also embedded in learning . Prior to the session I will prepare a mannequin head with all the methods of attachment I wanted to introduce to the learns. The PowerPoint presentation I produced will also include the aim and objectives of the session. I will back up this presentation on a USB stick . The Chinese proverb: I hear – I forget, I see – I remember, I do – I understand , suggest that seeing and doing, will produce a much greater learning outcome , as opposed to teaching sessions that are delivered with learners just listening. So with that in mind, I plan to deliver my session using a mixture of approaches. I have also designed the delivery method and resources for my session to accommodate different learning styles. ’’ Fleming states that people can be grouped into four styles of learning ‘’visual, aural, read/write and kinaesthetic (VARK) Fleming (2005). The use of a presentation will be beneficial to the visual and aural learners it will enable learners to engage and absorb the subject as it is being delivered visually and aurally. The practical session will also be beneficial to the kinaesthetic learners. By varying my approach to teaching and learning I am encouraging whole class participation and ensuring individual and multi-modal learning styles are met. Using different approach can also help to ascertain any particular learner needs, the relevant additional support can then be provided, or teaching and resources can be adapted to meet the need of the learners. Using a larger font size for my presentation to ensure a visually impaired learner’s needs has been met. The PowerPoint presentation will also enable a systematic delivery of my lesson and serves as a hand out learners can keep for future reference. The learning environment should be conducive to learning. The physical and social environment is equally import to learning and meeting the needs of the learners. Barriers to learning should be identified and eliminated where possible, or the relevant points of referral should be made to deal with issues deemed to be outside the boundaries of a teacher/trainer. Eliminating barriers could be arranging room so learners are all able to see the white board and presentation are also able to participate in group work during the ractical stage of the lesson. Working in groups to encourage interaction between learners, the room layout should also enable tutor/trainer interaction. To embrace equality and diversity my session will not be gender, age race, ability or culture bias. In the planning of my session I have also taken into account the needs of the learners, that I will deliver my micro teach session to. I am aware that there are learners with mobility issues, so doing the practice ses sion standing could lead to exclusion because of disability. You must not allow any form of discrimination in your classroom or learning situation . Not only is it morally wrong, it is likely to be illegal† (Reece and Walker,2007:295). To ensure inclusive learning, I will ask the learners to participate in the demonstration section of the lesson sitting at tables in groups, as opposed to standing which is customary. Having all the learner doing the practice session sitting, will ensure fairness and whole class participation. This will also ensure that I am complying with The Equality Act (2010). I have also tried to embed and advance diversity with the pictures in the presentation and hand outs. My own inclusive learning and teaching practice can be improve to meet the needs of the learner, by asking the learners complete evaluation questionnaires. The feedback would give an insight of the learners feeling’s regarding the session and the delivery of the session I could then examine the learning and teaching approaches and the strategies I have used and look at changes I could make to ensure that they are effective and inclusive. In my own specialism I could ensure that I used positive feedback to motive and give clear and specific guidance to learners, during formative assessment in practical sessions. It is also important to give constructive feedback to learners; this is feedback that promotes further development. During the practice session for my micro teach, ways of giving constructive feedback could be to use descriptive feedback to describe what has been done, how, and what the learner needs to do to complete the task successfully. In this Rationale I have outline the reasons why using inclusive learning and teaching approaches in my specialist subject area is important. I explain the importance of a clear and structured session plan. Ways to engage and motivate learner. The importance of setting ground rules and ways to maintain a safe and supportive learning environment. These are key factors that can affect learning outcome. In this rationale I have also written about the teaching and learning approaches, I will use to deliver my micro teach session. References Dale, E (1969) Audio Visual Methods in Teaching. Texas: Holt Rinehart and Winston. Fleming, N (2005) Teaching and Learning Styles: VARK Strategies. Honolulu: Honolulu Community College. Kolb, DA (1984) Experiential Learning: Experience as the source of learning and Development. New Jersey: Prentice-Hall. Reece, I and Walker, S (2007) Teaching, Training and Learning: A Practical Guide (6thEdn). Tyne Wear: Business Education Publishers. The Health and Safety at Work Act (1974)http://www. hse. gov. uk/legislation/hswa. htm