Literature Review Internet - 4548 Words

A Literature Review on: An Exploration of Internet Programming Technologies for Learning Wayne State University CSC5750 Principles of Web Technology Susan Genden Susan Genden aw0809 Abstract This literature review offers a commentary on programming applications specifically in the area of emerging online technologies for learning. Included is a brief history on the growth of these instructional technologies. We explore four literature reviews that discuss intelligent tutors (used on a one-to-one basis and in a collaborative environment), and virtual reality environments. These publications show students working online successfully in a range of learning situations, where students become more active learners and exercise†¦show more content†¦Students could learn at their convenience, and could limit training to precise information. Educators became increasingly aware of opportunities to create online learning that would offer more student autonomy and more student control, attributes of constructivist learning (Reiser). There are now over 10 million students online globally (Jalobeanu, 2003). Universities use learning management systems such as blackboar d.com, WebCT, DigitalThink.com, eCollege.com, and skillsoft (Piramuthu, 2005). Some expectations in online learning courses are: they should offer expert information, practice, guidance, experience, feedback, assessments and flexibility (Alessi, Trollip, 2001). Beyond that, intelligent tutors are meant respond to students’ individual abilities and provide more interactivity (Ong Ramachandran, 2003). Can the learner actively explore and control the experience? Is 3 Susan Genden aw0809 collaborative learning taking place? Is the online learning interesting to learners? Online environments may include behavioral components (such as Skinner’s operant conditioning with rewards for certain behaviors), cognitive components (â€Å"†¦memorization, attitudes, motivation, †¦reflection, and †¦internal processes†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ), and constructivism, where students construct their own meaning (Alessi, et al., p. 19, 2001). What are the many programming issues to consider? What are advantages of these systems? We will now explore the use ofShow MoreRelatedLiterature Review On Security Of Internet Of Things1519 Words   |  7 PagesLiterature Review on security of Internet of Things Department of Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering, College of Engineering, Pune, India Abstract The concept of the internet of things is that every physical of object in the real world has a virtual component on the internet that can produce and consume services .Such super connected objects would be of great convivences but they would require novel approaches to ensure security and ethical uses. While internet of things is more thanRead MoreLiterature Review On The Online Shopping At The Internet Stores901 Words   |  4 Pages2. LITERATURE REVIEW Nowadays, people use internet as a daily device to access their emails, do online tasks, to read online headline, look for certain information and many other functions (Bellman, 2001). This daily usage of the Internet by these people takes them naturally to operate it as a shoppers stop too. Additional constituents found which makes a difference to the buying behaviour of the buyers and their attitudes include their culture surroundings, particular needs, commitment of the productRead MoreLiterature Review on Voice over Internet Protocol. by Lawal Babatunde from Tai Solarin University of Education3467 Words   |  14 PagesCHAPTER TWO LITERATURE REVIEW ON VoIP 2.0 Background of VoIP The first implementation of transmitting voice over the network was in 1973 through Network Voice Protocol (NVP) which was invented for Advanced Research Projects Agency Network (ARPANET). In 1990’s, there were a lot of VoIP applications that faced the problem of incompatibility due to fundamental differences between different vendors. 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People go online to sell and buy bothRead MoreAn Outline for a Research on Oline Shopping Essay566 Words   |  3 Pagesof trust of online sellers and their impact on consumer trust in online shopping. †¢ To recommend strategies to improve factors of trust of online sellers for the promotion of consumer trust in online shopping. 1.4. Significance of the Research Internet and other media has grown with a very fast pace in recent years due to which online shopping has become common but risks of that mode of shopping have also increased. Therefore level of consumer trust is one of the causes of ups and downs in theRead MoreInternet Addiction, Excessive Usage, And Gratification1419 Words   |  6 PagesNisaa Kirtman PSY 7102, Week 4 Internet addiction, excessive usage, and gratification: A review of two articles The growth of the internet and internet-dependency has become some of the many facets in people?s day-to-day lives. Smartphones, radio, the television, newspapers, and magazines are flooded with news and non-stop information that some may not classify as ?news? (e.g., celebrity gossip, etc.). It seems that the prevalence of the internet are indicators of a nation, communities, organizationsRead MoreAdvances And Development Of Tourism : A Literature Of Review1476 Words   |  6 Pages Advances of Technology in Tourism: A Literature of Review Introduction Technologies have influenced the growth and development of tourism industry in many ways. The issue that will be covered in this literature review is the advances of technology in tourism. The purpose of this literature review will explore the major opportunities for tourism service providers. The literature gathered from a variety of resources in particular areas of Internet and social media, innovation of technology inRead MoreEffect of Online Games Addiction on Study Habits1696 Words   |  7 PagesINTRODUCTION Online games are one of the medium of entertainment especially in the youth of modern era in Batangas. Virtual or cyber games over internet are direct personally to each individual user. It encourages and requires the participation of individual user or gamester. It is an inexpensive in the sense that the internet connections for the online games are easily accessible everywhere and anywhere and affordable these days. This aspect works in association with the personal characteristicRead MoreThe Information Assessment Method1038 Words   |  4 Pagesresults of research studies that have been selected for clinical relevance and critically appraised for methodological quality. These resources: (i) are selected based on evidence grading methodology and criteria, (ii) present the date of evidence review for each piece of information, (iii) correlate the treatment recommendations to the specific evidence, and (iv) are continuously revised and updated. The value of information can be conceptualized as, the acquisition of information, associated cognitiveRead MoreHow Do Wechat Affect Consumer Purchasing Behaviour On Beauty Products1100 Words   |  5 Pages1. Introduction Nowadays, social media and Internet became part of daily life. People spend more and more time going online. Many daily activities shifted to online, for example, online shopping, communicate with friends or relatives via social media or messaging app, share feelings and thoughts on social media platforms etc. In this paper, the aim is to investigate how do WeChat affect the consumer purchasing behaviour on beauty products in China. In 2013, China surpassed US to become the biggest

A Doll HOuse - 941 Words

In the play A Doll House, there are many references pertaining how a woman was expected to behave and how men were expected to behave in the time that this play was written. Nora’s character first appears to be very â€Å"female†. For an example, she doesn’t have a real job, she spends money carelessly, and she say and do things to make her appear very dependent on Torvald. On the other end Torvald her husband, makes the money for the family and he appears to be the nice one in the house. Role playing seems to be a game in Ibsen’s A Doll’s House. The main characters Nora and Torvald pretend to be someone who other people would like them to be, instead of being their true indentify. During those times the rules of society was that a woman was suppose to be a trophy wife and pleased a man in any way he asks and the man works and provides for his family and if you went against the rules you were acting unhuman like. Nora miserable by been treated by th e rules of society decides to play by her own rules and leaves her husband despite what society would thinks about her. While reading A doll House, I realized that Nora was treated as a puppet/doll mostly by her husband. Throughout the play he would treated her as he was her father rather than her husband. Torvald watched her evey move. He even made sure she didn’t eat sweets fearing that it would ruin her pefect teeth. Hel, â€Å"Hasn’t Miss Sweet Tooth been breaking rules in town today?† Nora, â€Å"No; what makes you think that?† Hel,Show MoreRelateda dolls house1153 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿ A Doll’s House South University Ibsen’s a doll house centers around a time where men worked and women were the care givers of the home. In a Doll’s House there were some major points made that eventually led up to that one defining moment. The defining moment for me was when Nora decided that she no longer wants to live the lifestyle of being the â€Å"doll†. It starts with Torvalds reading the letter about her borrowing the money and Nora’s secret is finally exposedRead MoreDoll House799 Words   |  4 PagesIn A Doll’s House by Henrik Ibsen, a woman named Nora is facing a life altering situation that stands to both ruin her social and private life. In dealing with the potential outcomes of the scenario, Nora comes to find that she has been living a convenient mistruth. Nora’s greatest and most damaging lies are lies she tells to herself. As is seen numerous times throughout the play, Nora hides, withholds, and distorts the truth in order to please everyone around her, including herself. Nora is presentedRead MoreA Doll s House : Dolls2775 Words   |  12 Pages A Doll’s House: Dolls in Real Life Introduction Today, the accepted roles of both women and men judged by society’s expectations is an extremely controversial topic. Feminism is a battle that many women are fighting, because even though today’s women can be and accomplish almost anything, men often play the more superior role in many relationships. The role of women has been viewed differently throughout different points in history and in different areas. However, many people don t realize thatRead MoreA Doll s House : Dolls2775 Words   |  12 Pages A Doll’s House: Dolls in Real Life Introduction Today, the accepted roles of both women and men judged by society’s expectations is an extremely controversial topic. Feminism is a battle that many women are fighting, because even though today’s women can be and accomplish almost anything, men often play the more superior role in many relationships. The role of women has been viewed differently throughout different points in history and in different areas. However, many people don t realizeRead MoreAnalysis Of A Doll House 846 Words   |  4 PagesDoll house Nora’s marriage has been a sham ever since the start. By the standard of modern day, she has legitimate ground to leave her husband Torvald. Because Torvald only cares about his image, he treats Nora as an object rather than a wife, Nora has never been taken seriously by her husband, and Torvald only loves her for her appearance. Torvalds image is of great importance to him considering now he is a bank manager, and he will not allow anything standing in his way to ruin this imageRead MoreA Dolls House Essay790 Words   |  4 PagesIt has been said that, some people think that it’s holding on that makes one strong; sometimes it’s letting go. In Henrik Ibsen’s A Doll’s House, Nora’s departure becomes the controversial topic of debate for many readers; was Nora Helmer justified in leaving her husband and kids or not? It is argued that both parents are needed for a child to succeed in life and that separation is an act of cowardness. Howeve r, several readers also debate that Nora was justified in leaving Torvald and her kids.Read MoreSymbolism in A Doll House1501 Words   |  7 Pages456 The Use of Symbolism in A Doll House Author Margaret Trudeau once said, â€Å"I can’t be a rose in any man’s lapel† (â€Å"I Can’t Be†). This quote expresses exactly what was going through many women’s minds during the 1800’s in Norway. Women had let their husbands control their lives for ages before the 1800’s. Soon, they could no longer stand being the rose in their husbands’ lapel. The women of Norway longed for freedom and began to rebel. Henrik Ibsen’s play, A Doll House, displays what women were goingRead MoreTrifles And A Doll House969 Words   |  4 Pageshundreds were not thought of as important as a man. The role of the woman was to stay home and perform household duties such as, caring for the children and the home. The role of the man was to work and speak for the family. The dramas Trifles and A Doll House, show how two women will commit a crime at all cost and somehow contrast with each other. Trifle is a word which is used to describe something with little importance or value. According to Suzy Clarkson Holstein, â€Å"SUSAN CLASPELL’S ‘TRIFLES’ isRead MoreSymbolism : A Doll House1069 Words   |  5 PagesBrittany Drake Professor Hammond English 102-106 Poetry Essay 6 October 2015 A Doll House: Symbolism In Henrik Ibsen’s A Doll House, there is plenty of symbolism that helps the play to move forward. Symbols as small as Nora eating macaroons, the tarantella dance, and the Christmas tree to as broad as New Year’s. The macaroons and the tarantella reveal Nora’s personality and her character. The Christmas tree and the concept of New Year’s reveal the current states of the relationships in the playRead MoreA Doll House 3800 Words   |  4 Pagescharacter, Torvald, in the play A Doll House, by Henrik Ibsen could be viewed as a morally ambiguous character. He displays the character traits of a morally ambiguous person. Torvald’s personal consumption of appearances shows how he treats his wife and home and personal pride. Torvald’s wife Nora is the center of several of the traits that classify him as a morally ambiguous character. Nora is more like a possession to Torvald than a soul mate or wife. She is like a doll to him, something that he

My Personal Philosophy of Education Free Essays

My philosophy of education are the types that are known as progressivism and existentialism. I believe that for me a combination of the two is a perfect way to teach. Progressivism is ideal because the teacher gives the student a say in what they can do within the classroom. We will write a custom essay sample on My Personal Philosophy of Education or any similar topic only for you Order Now It is a hands on system of working. I believe that students can learn very well if they do activities themselves. Learning about how to do something and actually getting to do it are two extremely different things. Existentialism is also ideal because this method of teaching allows children to confront his or her freedom. Children need a sense of freedom in making decisions about school work. I believe that if progressivism and extentialism are combined children can carry out hands on tasks while at the same time making an independent understanding of a particular concept. If a child learns hands on how to do something they will find it quite meaningful, and will be able to relate it more to veryday life. School work can become meaningful if a child independently understands what is being taught. Then, children will look forward to leaning and will be more comfortable learning from their teacher. I am looking forward to becoming a teacher. As a teacher of elementary students I will always hold high expectations of my students. I hope to find that children love to learn and also look forward to learning. However, I do understand that some students are not willing to this. I will ind this a challenge for me which I ma capable of handling I hope to always have students involved in what is being taught. I will do this by having hands on activities as well as independent activities. I will use fun methods and ideas to get children involved in the lesson. If a child is having fun this will enable the student to get a better understanding of a particular lesson. All in all, I want my students to have an understanding of the lesson while at the same time having fun! How to cite My Personal Philosophy of Education, Essay examples

Written Rational free essay sample

The aim is to explain how to apply hair extensions using the clip in method of attachment. To do this I must ensure that objectives are SMART (Specific, Measured, Achievable, Realistic, Time Driven) . To achieve learning outcome I will deliver my micro teaching session, demonstrating a selection of teaching and learning approaches to engage and motivate learners . To deliver my lesson I have chosen to use a PowerPoint presentation, hand outs, demonstration and group practice session on mannequins. I will use the Psycho motor domain of learning (doing) to asses learning. During the practical practice session I will use open questioning. I will also use descriptive feedback to describe what they have done and what they can do to complete the task successfully. Dale (1969) devised the cone of learning and experience to express how people remember what they read, hear, see and do. I have designed my session to enable learning with this concept in mind. Hair extensions is a wide subject, I will focus my delivery on, the history and the purpose of hair extensions, and the clip-in method of attachment. To enable learning it is essential that I am well prepared, for example I will need to have a clear and structured lesson plan, with detailed breakdown of the session regarding content, teacher/learner activities, resources, learning checks, allocated timings and assessment activities. I will use a mixture of teaching and learning approaches to keep learners motivated and use resources to support different learning styles. It is also important to ensure the learning environment is safe and supportive, appropriate and accessible. To do this I must ensure that room lay out, room temperature and lighting is appropriate. It is also important to carry out risk assessment and report any hazards found. Being aware of the accident, fire and emergency procedure is important if there is a need to evacuate. The register is also extremely important if there is a need to evacuate, this provide the detail of attendance and will eliminate the problem of searching for learners who had not attended on the day in question. The Health and Safety at Work Act (1974), states that reasonable care should be taken for the health and safety for oneself and others. Keeping record is essential to monitor attendance and progress of the learners. To ensure learning has taken place and to support the learning process and aid understanding, verbal and non-verbal communication should be effective and appropriate and to the level of the learners. A level 2 learner should not be expected to perform at level 4. This can be achieved by using assertive tones, speaking a little slower and louder without shouting. Non-verbal communication includes body language such as eye contact, posture, facial expression and gestures. A teacher/trainer should lead by example; enter the classroom projecting a professional image by dressing smart, being polite and courteous, use assertive tone to gather the attention of the learners. Ground rules should be discussed and negotiated; some rules are compulsory and are imposed without negotiation. Learners need to be aware of ground rules, to encourage respect, and manage behaviour. Example of imposed rules is: †¢No smoking †¢No anti-social behaviour †¢Following health and safety regulation †¢respecting others’ views and beliefs. Negotiable ground rules No eating or drinking during sessions †¢Switching off electronic devices †¢Time taken for breaks. Starting with an initial assessment, a quick question, will give an idea regarding what learners already know. Continue the assessment process during the session to aid learning and to determine if learning is taking place. Observation of the practical practice will provide a summative as sessment, it confirms the learning outcome. It is also important that I deliver my session with confidence and convey passion and enthusiasm, to retain attention and motivate the learners. The aim of my micro teach session is to make learners aware of, some of the reasons why hair extensions are worn, discuss the history of hair extensions and to examine some of the various methods of attachment . I will instruct and demonstrate how to apply the clip-in method of hair extensions on a mannequin head. The learner will then be given the opportunity to demonstrate what they have learnt, Concrete experience Kolb (1984). During the session I will keep the subject aim and objectives on display on the white board to serve as a reminder and point of reference . I have embedded literacy functional skills into learning by discussing the history and purpose of hair extensions, producing a PowerPoint presentation and hand outs for the session. The demonstration activity is timed and it is also necessary to calculate the hair quantity required to achieve the desired style, although this is very minimal it is still an opportunity to embed the functional skill of numeracy and the use of the PowerPoint presentation ensured ICT is also embedded in learning . Prior to the session I will prepare a mannequin head with all the methods of attachment I wanted to introduce to the learns. The PowerPoint presentation I produced will also include the aim and objectives of the session. I will back up this presentation on a USB stick . The Chinese proverb: I hear – I forget, I see – I remember, I do – I understand , suggest that seeing and doing, will produce a much greater learning outcome , as opposed to teaching sessions that are delivered with learners just listening. So with that in mind, I plan to deliver my session using a mixture of approaches. I have also designed the delivery method and resources for my session to accommodate different learning styles. ’ Fleming states that people can be grouped into four styles of learning ‘’visual, aural, read/write and kinaesthetic (VARK) Fleming (2005). The use of a presentation will be beneficial to the visual and aural learners it will enable learners to engage and absorb the subject as it is being delivered visually and aurally. The practical session will also be beneficial to the kinaesthetic learners. By varying my approach to teaching and learning I am encouraging whole class participation and ensuring ndividual and multi-modal learning styles are met. Using different approach can also help to ascertain any particular learner needs, the relevant additional support can then be provided, or teaching and resources can be adapted to meet the need of the learners. Using a larger font size for my presentation to ensure a visually impaired learner’s needs has been met. The PowerPoint presentation will also enable a systematic delivery of my lesson and serves as a hand out learners can keep for future reference. The learning environment should be conducive to learning. The physical and social environment is equally import to learning and meeting the needs of the learners. Barriers to learning should be identified and eliminated where possible, or the relevant points of referral should be made to deal with issues deemed to be outside the boundaries of a teacher/trainer. Eliminating barriers could be arranging room so learners are all able to see the white board and presentation are also able to participate in group work during the practical stage of the lesson. Working in groups to encourage interaction between learners, the room layout should also enable tutor/trainer interaction. To embrace equality and diversity my session will not be gender, age race, ability or culture bias. In the planning of my session I have also taken into account the needs of the learners, that I will deliver my micro teach session to. I am aware that there are learners with mobility issues, so doing the practice session standing could lead to exclusion because of disability. †You must not allow any form of discrimination in your classroom or learning situation . Not only is it morally wrong, it is likely to be illegal† (Reece and Walker,2007:295). To ensure inclusive learning, I will ask the learners to participate in the demonstration section of the lesson sitting at tables in groups, as opposed to standing which is customary. Having all the learner doing the practice session sitting, will ensure fairness and whole class participation. This will also ensure that I am complying with The Equality Act (2010). I have also tried to embed and advance diversity with the pictures in the presentation and hand outs. My own inclusive learning and teaching practice can be improve to meet the needs of the learner, by asking the learners complete evaluation questionnaires. The feedback would give an insight of the learners feeling’s regarding the session and the delivery of the session I could then examine the learning and teaching approaches and the strategies I have used and look at changes I could make to ensure that they are effective and inclusive. In my own specialism I could ensure that I used positive feedback to motive and give clear and specific guidance to learners, during formative assessment in practical sessions. It is also important to give constructive feedback to learners; this is feedback that promotes further development. During the practice session for my micro teach, ways of giving constructive feedback could be to use descriptive feedback to describe what has been done, how, and what the learner needs to do to complete the task successfully. In this Rationale I have outline the reasons why using inclusive learning and teaching approaches in my specialist subject area is important. I explain the importance of a clear and structured session plan. Ways to engage and motivate learner. The importance of setting ground rules and ways to maintain a safe and supportive learning environment. These are key factors that can affect learning outcome. In this rationale I have also written about the teaching and learning approaches, I will use to deliver my micro teach session. References Dale, E (1969) Audio Visual Methods in Teaching. Texas: Holt Rinehart and Winston. Fleming, N (2005) Teaching and Learning Styles: VARK Strategies. Honolulu: Honolulu Community College. Kolb, DA (1984) Experiential Learning: Experience as the source of learning and Development. New Jersey: Prentice-Hall. Reece, I and Walker, S (2007) Teaching, Training and Learning: A Practical Guide (6thEdn). Tyne Wear: Business Education Publishers. The Health and Safety at Work Act (1974)http://www. hse. gov. uk/legislation/hswa. htm Julie Walsh Cowie PTLLS Level 4 Rationale for micro-teach (Using Inclusive Learning and Teaching Approaches in Lifelong Learning) Subject: Hair extensions and methods of attachment Room: H6 Number of learners: 6-9 Start time: My micro-teach is about hair extensions and, methods of attachment. I am currently not in a teacher / trainer role, but I work with hair extensions in my job as a hair stylist, so I feel fairly comfortable delivering this subject to a group of learner. The aim is to explain how to apply hair extensions using the clip in method of attachment. To do this I must ensure that objectives are SMART (Specific, Measured, Achievable, Realistic, Time Driven) . To achieve learning outcome I will deliver my micro teaching session, demonstrating a selection of teaching and learning approaches to engage and motivate learners . To deliver my lesson I have chosen to use a PowerPoint presentation, hand outs, demonstration and group practice session on mannequins. I will use the Psycho motor domain of learning (doing) to asses learning. During the practical practice session I will use open questioning. I will also use descriptive feedback to describe what they have done and what they can do to complete the task successfully. Dale (1969) devised the cone of learning and experience to express how people remember what they read, hear, see and do. I have designed my session to enable learning with this concept in mind. Hair extensions is a wide subject, I will focus my delivery on, the history and the purpose of hair extensions, and the clip-in method of attachment. To enable learning it is essential that I am well prepared, for example I will need to have a clear and structured lesson plan, with detailed breakdown of the session regarding content, teacher/learner activities, resources, learning checks, allocated timings and assessment activities. I will use a mixture of teaching and learning approaches to keep learners motivated and use resources to support different learning styles. It is also important to ensure the learning environment is safe and supportive, appropriate and accessible. To do this I must ensure that room lay out, room temperature and lighting is appropriate. It is also important to carry out risk assessment and report any hazards found. Being aware of the accident, fire and emergency procedure is important if there is a need to evacuate. The register is also extremely important if there is a need to evacuate, this provide the detail of attendance and will eliminate the problem of searching for learners who had not attended on the day in question. The Health and Safety at Work Act (1974), states that reasonable care should be taken for the health and safety for oneself and others. Keeping record is essential to monitor attendance and progress of the learners. To ensure learning has taken place and to support the learning process and aid understanding, verbal and non-verbal communication should be effective and appropriate and to the level of the learners. A level 2 learner should not be expected to perform at level 4. This can be achieved by using assertive tones, speaking a little slower and louder without shouting. Non-verbal communication includes body language such as eye contact, posture, facial expression and gestures. A teacher/trainer should lead by example; enter the classroom projecting a professional image by dressing smart, being polite and courteous, use assertive tone to gather the attention of the learners. Ground rules should be discussed and negotiated; some rules are compulsory and are imposed without negotiation. Learners need to be aware of ground rules, to encourage respect, and manage behaviour. Example of imposed rules is: †¢No smoking No anti-social behaviour †¢Following health and safety regulation †¢respecting others’ views and beliefs. Negotiable ground rules †¢No eating or drinking during sessions †¢Switching off electronic devices †¢Time taken for breaks. Starting with an initial assessment, a quick question, will give an idea regarding what learners already know. Continue the assessment process during the session to aid learning a nd to determine if learning is taking place. Observation of the practical practice will provide a summative assessment, it confirms the learning outcome. It is also important that I deliver my session with confidence and convey passion and enthusiasm, to retain attention and motivate the learners. The aim of my micro teach session is to make learners aware of, some of the reasons why hair extensions are worn, discuss the history of hair extensions and to examine some of the various methods of attachment . I will instruct and demonstrate how to apply the clip-in method of hair extensions on a mannequin head. The learner will then be given the opportunity to demonstrate what they have learnt, Concrete experience Kolb (1984). During the session I will keep the subject aim and objectives on display on the white board to serve as a reminder and point of reference . I have embedded literacy functional skills into learning by discussing the history and purpose of hair extensions, producing a PowerPoint presentation and hand outs for the session. The demonstration activity is timed and it is also necessary to calculate the hair quantity required to achieve the desired style, although this is very minimal it is still an opportunity to embed the functional skill of numeracy and the use of the PowerPoint presentation ensured ICT is also embedded in learning . Prior to the session I will prepare a mannequin head with all the methods of attachment I wanted to introduce to the learns. The PowerPoint presentation I produced will also include the aim and objectives of the session. I will back up this presentation on a USB stick . The Chinese proverb: I hear – I forget, I see – I remember, I do – I understand , suggest that seeing and doing, will produce a much greater learning outcome , as opposed to teaching sessions that are delivered with learners just listening. So with that in mind, I plan to deliver my session using a mixture of approaches. I have also designed the delivery method and resources for my session to accommodate different learning styles. ’’ Fleming states that people can be grouped into four styles of learning ‘’visual, aural, read/write and kinaesthetic (VARK) Fleming (2005). The use of a presentation will be beneficial to the visual and aural learners it will enable learners to engage and absorb the subject as it is being delivered visually and aurally. The practical session will also be beneficial to the kinaesthetic learners. By varying my approach to teaching and learning I am encouraging whole class participation and ensuring individual and multi-modal learning styles are met. Using different approach can also help to ascertain any particular learner needs, the relevant additional support can then be provided, or teaching and resources can be adapted to meet the need of the learners. Using a larger font size for my presentation to ensure a visually impaired learner’s needs has been met. The PowerPoint presentation will also enable a systematic delivery of my lesson and serves as a hand out learners can keep for future reference. The learning environment should be conducive to learning. The physical and social environment is equally import to learning and meeting the needs of the learners. Barriers to learning should be identified and eliminated where possible, or the relevant points of referral should be made to deal with issues deemed to be outside the boundaries of a teacher/trainer. Eliminating barriers could be arranging room so learners are all able to see the white board and presentation are also able to participate in group work during the practical stage of the lesson. Working in groups to encourage interaction between learners, the room layout should also enable tutor/trainer interaction. To embrace equality and diversity my session will not be gender, age race, ability or culture bias. In the planning of my session I have also taken into account the needs of the learners, that I will deliver my micro teach session to. I am aware that there are learners with mobility issues, so doing the practice session standing could lead to exclusion because of disability. †You must not allow any form of discrimination in your classroom or learning situation . Not only is it morally wrong, it is likely to be illegal† (Reece and Walker,2007:295). To ensure inclusive learning, I will ask the learners to participate in the demonstration section of the lesson sitting at tables in groups, as opposed to standing which is customary. Having all the learner doing the practice session sitting, will ensure fairness and whole class participation. This will also ensure that I am complying with The Equality Act (2010). I have also tried to embed and advance diversity with the pictures in the presentation and hand outs. My own inclusive learning and teaching practice can be improve to meet the needs of the learner, by asking the learners complete evaluation questionnaires. The feedback would give an insight of the learners feeling’s regarding the session and the delivery of the session I could then examine the learning and teaching approaches and the strategies I have used and look at changes I could make to ensure that they are effective and inclusive. In my own specialism I could ensure that I used positive feedback to motive and give clear and specific guidance to learners, during formative assessment in practical sessions. It is also important to give constructive feedback to learners; this is feedback that promotes further development. During the practice session for my micro teach, ways of giving constructive feedback could be to use descriptive feedback to describe what has been done, how, and what the learner needs to do to complete the task successfully. In this Rationale I have outline the reasons why using inclusive learning and teaching approaches in my specialist subject area is important. I explain the importance of a clear and structured session plan. Ways to engage and motivate learner. The importance of setting ground rules and ways to maintain a safe and supportive learning environment. These are key factors that can affect learning outcome. In this rationale I have also written about the teaching and learning approaches, I will use to deliver my micro teach session. References Dale, E (1969) Audio Visual Methods in Teaching. Texas: Holt Rinehart and Winston. Fleming, N (2005) Teaching and Learning Styles: VARK Strategies. Honolulu: Honolulu Community College. Kolb, DA (1984) Experiential Learning: Experience as the source of learning and Development. New Jersey: Prentice-Hall. Reece, I and Walker, S (2007) Teaching, Training and Learning: A Practical Guide (6thEdn). Tyne Wear: Business Education Publishers. The Health and Safety at Work Act (1974)http://www. hse. gov. uk/legislation/hswa. htm Julie Walsh Cowie PTLLS Level 4 Rationale for micro-teach (Using Inclusive Learning and Teaching Approaches in Lifelong Learning) Subject: Hair extensions and methods of attachment Room: H6 Number of learners: 6-9 Start time: My micro-teach is about hair extensions and, methods of attachment. I am currently not in a teacher / trainer role, but I work with hair extensions in my job as a hair stylist, so I feel fairly comfortable delivering this subject to a group of learner. The aim is to explain how to apply hair extensions using the clip in method of attachment. To do this I must ensure that objectives are SMART (Specific, Measured, Achievable, Realistic, Time Driven) . To achieve learning outcome I will deliver my micro teaching session, demonstrating a selection of teaching and learning approaches to engage and motivate learners . To deliver my lesson I have chosen to use a PowerPoint presentation, hand outs, demonstration and group practice session on mannequins. I will use the Psycho motor domain of learning (doing) to asses learning. During the practical practice session I will use open questioning. I will also use descriptive feedback to describe what they have done and what they can do to complete the task successfully. Dale (1969) devised the cone of learning and experience to express how people remember what they read, hear, see and do. I have designed my session to enable learning with this concept in mind. Hair extensions is a wide subject, I will focus my delivery on, the history and the purpose of hair extensions, and the clip-in method of attachment. To enable learning it is essential that I am well prepared, for example I will need to have a clear and structured lesson plan, with detailed breakdown of the session regarding content, teacher/learner activities, resources, learning checks, allocated timings and assessment activities. I will use a mixture of teaching and learning approaches to keep learners motivated and use resources to support different learning styles. It is also important to ensure the learning environment is safe and supportive, appropriate and accessible. To do this I must ensure that room lay out, room temperature and lighting is appropriate. It is also important to carry out risk assessment and report any hazards found. Being aware of the accident, fire and emergency procedure is important if there is a need to evacuate. The register is also extremely important if there is a need to evacuate, this provide the detail of attendance and will eliminate the problem of searching for learners who had not attended on the day in question. The Health and Safety at Work Act (1974), states that reasonable care should be taken for the health and safety for oneself and others. Keeping record is essential to monitor attendance and progress of the learners. To ensure learning has taken place and to support the learning process and aid understanding, verbal and non-verbal communication should be effective and appropriate and to the level of the learners. A level 2 learner should not be expected to perform at level 4. This can be achieved by using assertive tones, speaking a little slower and louder without shouting. Non-verbal communication includes body language such as eye contact, posture, facial expression and gestures. A teacher/trainer should lead by example; enter the classroom projecting a professional image by dressing smart, being polite and courteous, use assertive tone to gather the attention of the learners. Ground rules should be discussed and negotiated; some rules are compulsory and are imposed without negotiation. Learners need to be aware of ground rules, to encourage respect, and manage behaviour. Example of imposed rules is: †¢No smoking No anti-social behaviour †¢Following health and safety regulation †¢respecting others’ views and beliefs. Negotiable ground rules †¢No eating or drinking during sessions †¢Switching off electronic devices †¢Time taken for breaks. Starting with an initial assessment, a quick question, will give an idea regarding what learners already know. Continue the assessment process during the session to aid learning a nd to determine if learning is taking place. Observation of the practical practice will provide a summative assessment, it confirms the learning outcome. It is also important that I deliver my session with confidence and convey passion and enthusiasm, to retain attention and motivate the learners. The aim of my micro teach session is to make learners aware of, some of the reasons why hair extensions are worn, discuss the history of hair extensions and to examine some of the various methods of attachment . I will instruct and demonstrate how to apply the clip-in method of hair extensions on a mannequin head. The learner will then be given the opportunity to demonstrate what they have learnt, Concrete experience Kolb (1984). During the session I will keep the subject aim and objectives on display on the white board to serve as a reminder and point of reference . I have embedded literacy functional skills into learning by discussing the history and purpose of hair extensions, producing a PowerPoint presentation and hand outs for the session. The demonstration activity is timed and it is also necessary to calculate the hair quantity required to achieve the desired style, although this is very minimal it is still an opportunity to embed the functional skill of numeracy and the use of the PowerPoint presentation ensured ICT is also embedded in learning . Prior to the session I will prepare a mannequin head with all the methods of attachment I wanted to introduce to the learns. The PowerPoint presentation I produced will also include the aim and objectives of the session. I will back up this presentation on a USB stick . The Chinese proverb: I hear – I forget, I see – I remember, I do – I understand , suggest that seeing and doing, will produce a much greater learning outcome , as opposed to teaching sessions that are delivered with learners just listening. So with that in mind, I plan to deliver my session using a mixture of approaches. I have also designed the delivery method and resources for my session to accommodate different learning styles. ’’ Fleming states that people can be grouped into four styles of learning ‘’visual, aural, read/write and kinaesthetic (VARK) Fleming (2005). The use of a presentation will be beneficial to the visual and aural learners it will enable learners to engage and absorb the subject as it is being delivered visually and aurally. The practical session will also be beneficial to the kinaesthetic learners. By varying my approach to teaching and learning I am encouraging whole class participation and ensuring individual and multi-modal learning styles are met. Using different approach can also help to ascertain any particular learner needs, the relevant additional support can then be provided, or teaching and resources can be adapted to meet the need of the learners. Using a larger font size for my presentation to ensure a visually impaired learner’s needs has been met. The PowerPoint presentation will also enable a systematic delivery of my lesson and serves as a hand out learners can keep for future reference. The learning environment should be conducive to learning. The physical and social environment is equally import to learning and meeting the needs of the learners. Barriers to learning should be identified and eliminated where possible, or the relevant points of referral should be made to deal with issues deemed to be outside the boundaries of a teacher/trainer. Eliminating barriers could be arranging room so learners are all able to see the white board and presentation are also able to participate in group work during the ractical stage of the lesson. Working in groups to encourage interaction between learners, the room layout should also enable tutor/trainer interaction. To embrace equality and diversity my session will not be gender, age race, ability or culture bias. In the planning of my session I have also taken into account the needs of the learners, that I will deliver my micro teach session to. I am aware that there are learners with mobility issues, so doing the practice ses sion standing could lead to exclusion because of disability. You must not allow any form of discrimination in your classroom or learning situation . Not only is it morally wrong, it is likely to be illegal† (Reece and Walker,2007:295). To ensure inclusive learning, I will ask the learners to participate in the demonstration section of the lesson sitting at tables in groups, as opposed to standing which is customary. Having all the learner doing the practice session sitting, will ensure fairness and whole class participation. This will also ensure that I am complying with The Equality Act (2010). I have also tried to embed and advance diversity with the pictures in the presentation and hand outs. My own inclusive learning and teaching practice can be improve to meet the needs of the learner, by asking the learners complete evaluation questionnaires. The feedback would give an insight of the learners feeling’s regarding the session and the delivery of the session I could then examine the learning and teaching approaches and the strategies I have used and look at changes I could make to ensure that they are effective and inclusive. In my own specialism I could ensure that I used positive feedback to motive and give clear and specific guidance to learners, during formative assessment in practical sessions. It is also important to give constructive feedback to learners; this is feedback that promotes further development. During the practice session for my micro teach, ways of giving constructive feedback could be to use descriptive feedback to describe what has been done, how, and what the learner needs to do to complete the task successfully. In this Rationale I have outline the reasons why using inclusive learning and teaching approaches in my specialist subject area is important. I explain the importance of a clear and structured session plan. Ways to engage and motivate learner. The importance of setting ground rules and ways to maintain a safe and supportive learning environment. These are key factors that can affect learning outcome. In this rationale I have also written about the teaching and learning approaches, I will use to deliver my micro teach session. References Dale, E (1969) Audio Visual Methods in Teaching. Texas: Holt Rinehart and Winston. Fleming, N (2005) Teaching and Learning Styles: VARK Strategies. Honolulu: Honolulu Community College. Kolb, DA (1984) Experiential Learning: Experience as the source of learning and Development. New Jersey: Prentice-Hall. Reece, I and Walker, S (2007) Teaching, Training and Learning: A Practical Guide (6thEdn). Tyne Wear: Business Education Publishers. The Health and Safety at Work Act (1974)http://www. hse. gov. uk/legislation/hswa. htm

Return-Path Essays - Path, Bounce Address, Stowe Recreation Path

Return-Path: Received: from webserv.schoolsucks.com (webserv.schoolsucks.com [207.68.73.22]) by addr4.addr.com (8.9.3/8.9.1) with ESMTP id KAA82726 for ; Mon, 22 Nov 1999 10:12:19 -0800 (PST) (envelope-from [emailprotected]) Received: from 207.68.73.223 [207.68.73.223] by webserv.schoolsucks.com (SMTPD32-5.05) id A8DB130126; Mon, 22 Nov 1999 13:18:03 -0500 From: School.Sucks To: [emailprotected] Subject: The Termpaper You Asked For Date: Mon, 22 Nov 1999 13:16:17 -0500 X-Mailer: Allaire ColdFusion Application Server MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/html; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Message-Id: Status: Title of Paper : Communication in the Godfather Vito Corleone is one of the main characters in the movie The Godfather. Throughout the movie Vito gives numerous speeches to the men who work for him, do business with him, and ask favors of him. His style is unusual for a man with all of his power, but it is very effective. His style could be a good example to anyone who is in a management position working with subordinates as well as anyone working in sales or any other position where there is contact with potential business partners. In this paper I will be analyzing Vito's speaking style. First, I will discuss a brief history of Vito Corleone's life to put his speaking into perspective. Next I will discuss his speaking style in different situations. Finally I will look at the reactions to his speaking and his overall speaking effectiveness. Vito Corleone was born with the last name Andoline. He was born in Corleone, Sicily, in the early 1900's. When Vito was twelve-years old his family was murdered and fearing for his own life he immigrated to the United States. Young Vito did not want to be discovered so he did not give the immigration officer on Ellis Island his last name. The officer had to put some name down so the officer choose to use the town that Vito was from as his last name. After hiding out for a few years with relatives, Vito went to work in a grocery store in New York's Hell's Kitchen. At the age of eighteen, Vito married an Italian girl who had just arrived from Sicily. Vito continued to work at the grocery store until a local offshoot Mafia member made the grocery store owner give Vito's job to his nephew. Until that point Vito had never done anything illegal. Out of a job, Vito reluctantly helped a neighbor hide some illegal guns for a few dollars. Vito eventually made friends with his neighbor Peter Clemenza, and his neighbor's partner Tessio. A few weeks later Vito reluctantly agreed to high jack a truck with Clemenza and Tessio. Each of them cleared at least a thousand dollars from the heights. The local smalltime Mafia leader who had cost Vito his job heard about the truck heist. This local Mafia leader demanded a cut from the three young men. Vito, Clemenza, and Tessio were torn between paying the money that they worked so hard for, or keeping the money and becoming an enemy of the leader. Vito decided to hold out and not pay the amount the Mafia leader was asking. Clemenza and Tessio reluctantly agreed to let Vito handle the situation. Vito Corleone, after a clever discussion with the Mafia leader, used an ambush to kill the Mafia leader. Vito was still not interested in organized crime, he just had wanted to keep all of his money. Clemenza and Tessio were noticing that no new Mafia member had taken over now that the original leader had been killed. Clemenza spoke to Vito saying, "Nobody is collecting from the store owners. Nobody is collecting from the card games and gambling in the neighborhood." Tessio then said, "We could take over his customers. They would pay us." Vito shrugged, "I have no interest in such things." Slowly Vito realized that his neighbors viewed him differently now. Vito was treated as a "man of respect" by everyone now. When a widow had a problem with her landlord kicking her out, she surprising came to Vito for help. When he spoke to the landlord at the widows request, the landlord was rude and insulted that Vito would even step into his personal business. Vito remained polite and as he was leaving said, "Do me this service, eh? I won't forget it. Ask your friends in the neighborhood about me, they'll tell you I'm a man who believes in showing

The Best Way to Use The Official SAT Study Guide

The Best Way to Use The Official SAT Study Guide SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips Are you studying for the SAT? Chances are you've heard of, or maybe even already purchased, The Official SAT Study Guide. It's the #1 best-selling test prep and study guide book on Amazon.com, and used by thousands of students around the country to prepare for the SAT. But before you dive into The Official SAT Study Guide, you need to make sure you're using it correctly. Read our guide to getting the most out of the nation's most popular SAT study guide. What is The Official Guide? The Official SAT Study Guide is an SAT prep book written by College Board, the makers of the SAT. Since the book is made by the people who make the test, it contains some of the best quality practice problems and practice tests you can find. The Official Guide also contains an overview of each of the three sections of the SAT (Critical Reading, Math, and Writing), including practice problems. It also contains 10 full SAT practice tests. That is a ton of practice! In short, The Official SAT Study Guide can be an excellent resource, if you use it wisely. But if you run through the tests quickly without decent studying or analysis of your performance, you’ll waste them. And if you skip content review entirely in favor of practice, you'll miss out on your highest score. Here’s the best way to use both sections of the guide. Part 1 of The Official SAT Study Guide: Section Guides The Official SAT Study Guide provides overviews and practice problems for the Critical Reading, Math, and Writing sections. These sections provide a detailed overview of topics covered on the SAT, strategies to approach the questions, and relevant practice questions. We recommend reading through each section guide so you know exactly what you are going to be tested on, even if you think you already know. That said, you’re not going to get super deep, conceptual learning of concepts like plane geometry or English grammar rules from The Official Guide. For example, in the Math review section, The Official Guide says the SAT covers three types of factoring: difference of squares, finding common factors, and factoring quadratics. If you already know how to factor, this is helpful because it shows exactly what you need to know. However, if you're fuzzy on your Algebra and can't remember how to go about factoring a quadratic, this guide won't help you learn how. So if there is a subject you are really struggling with, you should also seek out resources (including other prep books) that give more in-depth coverage. For example, you can get prep books that focus on just one SAT section, including Erica Meltzer's guide to Critical Reading and Steve Warner's 28 SAT Math Lessons. We also have an article about the best prep books for SAT math. You can also read our detailed guides on SAT Math, SAT Reading, and SAT Writing. Part 2 of The Official Guide: 10 Full-Length SAT Practice Tests The 10 practice tests are the meat of The Official SAT Study Guide. Written by College Board themselves, these tests are an excellent way to practice not only your content knowledge, but your timing and test-taking strategy. They’re the best way to practice for the SAT before you sit down and take it for real on test day. Some students get The Official SAT Study Guide just for the 10 practice tests, and get their content review and strategy guides elsewhere. However, as we recommend above, it’s best to at least read over College Board’s review of the main subjects, as you can get insight into what they are testing and helpful tips to break down the problems. The Best Way To Use The Official SAT Study Guide The key to getting the most out of The Official Guide is, paradoxically, to not just rely on the practice tests. Or to be more precise, don’t just take all 10 practice tests without properly analyzing your mistakes and working to correct them in between practice tests. You wouldn't run 10 races in a row without training in between. Similarly, don't run through all 10 SAT practice tests without taking time to analyze your mistakes and practice. First, take one practice test to see where you stand. How you take advantage of The Official SAT Study Guide varies based on how much you need to improve and which sections of the test you struggle on. We will walk through two example students based on their practice test scores to show what we mean. Student A, Practice Score 2100 (CR = 750, M = 600, W = 750) This is a high achieving student, who even on a practice test is already getting a strong composite. That said, this student is likely going for an even higher score. If they score 2300 or higher they will have a good SAT score for the Ivy League. To accomplish that, they need to do the most work in math, filling some content gaps as well as improving test-taking strategy. After the first practice test, they should analyze their mistakes, particularly on the math section. To keep track of what they did wrong, they should log those mistakes in a notebook. For example, if they missed a math problem because they misunderstood how exponents work, they should note that. If they missed a problem because they went to fast and botched the arithmetic, they would write that down too. Once they have completed the analysis of their mistakes, they should gather resources to fix them. This should include reading through The Official Guide's content guide chapters. While they might move pretty quickly through the Critical Reading and Writing chapters, they should read the Math chapters closely and do all of the related Math practice problems. They could also consider buying a guide specifically for SAT Math, checking out SAT math prep sites like Erik the Red, or other online SAT resources. After they have taken between two or three weeks to study content and do practice problems, they should attempt another full practice test. After this practice test, again, they should carefully log their mistakes in their notebook, this time noting where they have improved and where they are still faltering. For example, if they still aren’t getting exponent questions right, they should use a resource like Khan Academy or even ask a teacher or friend to make sure they conceptually understand exponents. Next, they should continue to drill SAT math practice problems. After another two to three weeks, they can try another practice test, and repeat this process as necessary. They could also consider just doing the math sections of a few of the practice tests, though keep in mind if you start breaking up the practice tests by section, you can't use them for full run-throughs. As you get closer to your test date and are making fewer mistakes, you can lessen the time between practice tests. We recommend taking at least three practice tests before the real thing. Student B, Practice Score 1500 (M = 450, CR = 550, W = 500) This student should start the same way as Student A – that is, they should analyze their mistakes on the practice test. By carefully correcting the test and logging their mistakes, they can create a study guide to help them prepare. Don't underestimate the importance of this simple study tool. This student’s practice score puts them at an average (50th percentile) SAT score. If they can hit 1800, that would put them in the 80th percentile. If they get to 2000 they would be above the 90th! To accomplish that, they need to fill content gaps in all areas, particularly math. They should start by going through each of The Official Guide’s content-review chapters and doing all of the practice problems. If they find a particular concept they struggle with or a section that still seems difficult, they should use an additional resource before hitting the practice tests. For example, say they’re struggling with sentence-completion questions on CR. While The Official SAT Study Guide gives strategies for answering these questions, it doesn’t provide a vocab list or ways to study vocabulary. The student should find outside SAT vocabulary resources to help them with sentence completion (for example our list of the Best SAT Vocab lists on the web). Once they feel more confident about the SAT content, they can move onto practice tests. If timing is an issue, they can start by giving themselves time and a half for the first practice tests and then working their way up to strict timing. After each practice test, they should log all of their mistakes in a notebook and study for an additional two to three weeks, focusing on drilling their weak spots. FAQs About The Official SAT Study Guide Is it important for me to do all 10 tests? That depends on your goals. If you get a 1900 on your practice test and your goal is to break a 2000 composite, you probably won’t need to take all 10 practice tests to make that 100-point improvement. However, if you start with a 1900 but your goal is to score 2300 or higher, you have many more improvements to make and likely will take more practice tests. We recommend studying for at least two weeks in between practice tests, and continuing the process of studying and taking a practice test until you feel confident you’ll reach your target score. The larger a point improvement you need to take, the more likely it is you’ll need all of the tests. However, finishing all 10 tests is certainly not a requirement or necessity to do well. Try to focus in on your weak spots and carefully monitor your studying progress, rather than just going through all 10 tests quickly. Taking 5 tests but analyzing your mistakes and studying carefully in between is more effective than just taking 10 practice tests in a row. How many tests should I do before the real test? We recommend taking at least three practice tests before the real SAT. Take the first before you begin studying to gauge your strengths and weaknesses, take one after you’ve studied for two or three weeks to measure your progress, and take one close to test day to continue to build your stamina and accuracy. But again, how many tests you take depends on how much you need your score to improve by. For some students, three could be plenty. For others, they may need closer to eight or nine under their belt. It all depends on what your target score is and whether you're hitting it in practice or not. What resources should I use to drill subject skills? Your first stop will probably be a more specific prep book. This will give you access to more targeted practice questions in skills you are still building. There are also tons of online resources. Here at PrepScholar, we have articles for everything from how to read SAT reading passages to how to stop running out of time on SAT math. See a complete collection of our posts here. You can also check out good SAT studying websites and online SAT vocab lists. Finally, you can consider PrepScholar’s online test-prep program. We provide targeted practice questions based on your weaknesses to help you drill subject skills. Where do I find answer explanations? Unfortunately, The Official Guide tests do not come with answer explanations. However, if you own The Official Guide, you will be able to use the College Board’s Book Owner Area. It includes a feature that allows you to enter your practice test answers online, and then College Board analyzes your results, giving you a score estimate and saying which areas you still need to improve in. It also provides sample essays for each of the essay questions in the practice tests. Where can I get more practice tests? Just keep bubbling, just keep bubbling... If you’re still looking to improve after taking the 10 practice tests, check out our links to free, official SAT practice tests online. Many prep books also contain their own practice tests, though be aware since they’re not made by College Board, they’re not as high-quality as the tests in The Official Guide. Should I work through the practice tests with a timer, or give myself as much time as I need? Once again, this depends on your needs. If you find yourself running out of time on the practice tests, you might experiment with giving yourself time-and-half, time-and-a-quarter, and then strict timing on practice tests, to build up your speed. If you don’t run out of time often, then use strict timing for all practice tests. In any case, every time you take the SAT you should time it carefully, even if you’re giving yourself extra time. A huge part of the challenge of the SAT is pacing. It won't matter if you're capable of getting most of the questions right if you can't answer half of them on test day. We recommend wearing a watch when you practice so you can get used to timing yourself and even check how long you’re spending on each question. (You won't be able to bring your cell phone with you to the SAT.) The Bottom Line The Official SAT Study Guide is a great resource because of the high quality of the practice tests. But taking those tests alone won't magically improve your score. Make sure your time reviewing practice tests is meaningful – don’t just rush through scoring and ignore what you did wrong. Log your mistakes, drill your weaknesses, and keep practicing until you're confident you will get your target score on test day. What’s Next? Wondering how to make the most of your time reviewing practice problems? Read our guide to an SAT 1600 by our full-scorer. Even if you’re not going for a 1600, Allen lays out how to best analyze and correct your weaknesses. Getting sick of prep books? Check out the best SAT prep websites around! So how exactly do you know what your SAT target score is? Learn how to calculate it based on your dream schools. Also read more in-depth about how the SAT is scored. Want to improve your SAT score by 160 points? Check out our best-in-class online SAT prep program. We guarantee your money back if you don't improve your SAT score by 160 points or more. Our program is entirely online, and it customizes your prep program to your strengths and weaknesses. We also feature thousands of practice questions, 10 official SAT practice tests, and personal feedback on your essays from an expert instructor. Check out our 5-day free trial:

Agrarian societies in history Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Agrarian societies in history - Essay Example The Agrarian period witnessed a lot of economic, cultural and political activity among various societies in the ancient societies. The differences in activity were inclined to a number of factors and this largely depended on the geographical habitat of a given society. The three fundamental questions that are tackled in this instance include, if there was any social structure in that society and how it was constructed, what was the diet of that particular society and lastly, what was important for the people of that society’s survival. The Tang dynasty in the Agrarian society was characterized by the caste system just like most of the earlier traditional Agrarian societies. There existed the rulers who were at the apex of the social structure and this caste went down to the laborers who were at the bottom of the social structure. It had a stable government with intellectuals being highly regarded. History of Tang dynasty majorly emphasizes only the mandarins and the nobles, th e clergy and the intellectuals who were at the top of the social system (Benn 56-59). Furthermore, the group of mentioned elite in the Tang society had little or no time for the artisans, merchants, traders and slaves. It is only the elite that left some of the writings that were found in the Chinese library many years later. On the contrary, the lower in the class system did not leave any writings behind. The Tang society was patriarchal in nature as no major recognition was given to women in the Tang society. ... In some instances, tea was taken with traditional Chinese bread which was mainly baked by women in Traditional Tang society. The Tang together with its sister, Chinese dynasty the Ming, gave great reverence to trade in gunpowder which was a very important economic activity. It was during this period that the gun powder was invented. Gun powder was one of the most important activities in the day to day lives of the people in the Tang dynasty. Lastly in regard to the Tang, religion played an essential role in the lives of the people. The Tang societies were very religious with Buddhism being the main religion of the entire dynasty. Buddhism attracted the largest number of adherents and it’s on the basis of Buddhism religion through which court decisions were influenced or made (Benn 94-97). Just like the Tang dynasty, the Aztec society was also a socially stratified society in the sense that there existed several classes among the Aztec people. There were the nobles and also the commoners. The king or ruler the Tlatoani was considered sacred together with his lineage and had great influence among the Aztec people. The Tlatoani was the voice of the Aztec and his word was given preeminence as sacred. He had his royal who served the main purpose of paving his way of the normal people. His words were taken to be the word of the gods and nobody in the Aztec society would go contrary to this. A child born in Aztec society grew up and eventually died on the class or caste that his family belonged to. They believed that the cosmos had its way of classifying people in classes and this was the will of the gods, for this reason they embraced the fit in system where one inherited his social strata by the mere virtue of birth. On their food preferences, animal meat was a

Price Discrimination in Cinema Market Research Paper

Price Discrimination in Cinema Market - Research Paper Example A price discrimination strategy is a common tool adopted by cinema operators for maximizing business profit. Through the implementation of a versioning or product line stretching program, these companies charge higher prices to same groups of customers for superior and newer services. Golden Village charges $8.50 per movie ticket on weekdays. However, for the same shows, the company sets $ 11.50 price per ticket on weekends. At the same time, the company charges $ 4.50 per ticket for the show on weekdays for senior citizens; whereas, charges $7.00 for the same ticket on the same day for young students. Thus, if observed in details, the company discriminates on its ticket prices on the basis of time, the degree of iteration of customer visit and age. From the above analysis, it can be claimed that the company implements third and second-degree price discrimination strategy while setting prices of its movie tickets. Under the regime of second-degree price discrimination, the company ch arges higher for each ticket when a movie new releases in the market and lowers the ticket prices gradually.Given that customer’s willingness to pay falls with time, a price of the ticket for a movie released also drops. Through third-degree price discrimination, the company charges separate prices to different groups of customers, as per their age and time of ticket purchase. An elasticity of demand measures degree of responsiveness of rate of change in quantity demanded with respect to a rate of change in the price level of a product or a service.

Main Characteristics Of A Marketing-Oriented Organisation Essay

Main Characteristics Of A Marketing-Oriented Organisation - Essay Example The basic orientation of a company can be reflected by strategies, structures, and cultures. Each of these must be integrated so that a clear corporate position can be ensured through marketing efforts. Stensrud (1998) also claims that it takes a well-orchestrated effort to develop a marketing orientation. In order to accomplish this feat, there are several key factors that must be carefully taken into consideration. First of all, a company must have access to capital. Secondly, they must emphasize the importance of long-range planning and spend strategically. There must also be appropriate distribution channels, middle managers who know what they are doing, up-to-date systems, and the ability to stick to new strategies. Leaders must be put in place that can handle the new system that comes along with a marketing-oriented organization. According to Answers.com (2010), the needs of consumers need to be focused on rather than the needs of the company that is producing a good or service. This means that an integrated and goal-oriented philosophy needs to be followed by the organization as a whole throughout the process. In fact, the needs and goals of the consumer need to be achieved before the needs and goals of the producing company in order for the producing company to be successful in even reaching its goals according to the idea of the marketing concept. Selling reached an extreme level of difficulty after World War II since it could no longer be achieved by hard selling. This is because the variety of products increased following the war. Furthermore, the level of discretionary income of consumers had increased and, therefore, those consumers could afford to use a little more freedom in their purchase decisions. This was further complicated by the fact that organizations were not able to accurately predict the changing needs of consumers (NetMBA 2010.

Four Important Topics Of Literature

Four Important Topics Of Literature Introduction: This paper covers four important topics of Literature, which include: Essay, Poetry, Prose, Drama and Film. Essay is a form of writing, which can be literary-based or scientific-based. Like any other form of writing, it has its different characteristics, and also it serves for different purposes. For example, when writing a letter to a friend, it could be said that it is a form of an essay. When applying to colleges nowadays it is mandatory for every applicant to write a so called entrance essay. Even the newspaper columns are designed to be written in an essay based. Essay consists of three parts: an introduction, which is the first paragraph of an essay, the body which includes several paragraphs, and the conclusion, which consist of one or more paragraphs and is structurally the last part of an essay content. Poetry is an ancient literary art. There are many poets who have contributed so much to enrich the literature that is being studied today. Like any other form of literature, it has many characteristics that define poetry. But unfortunately there isnt a clear definition of what poetry is. So, different poets have expressed their thought of what they think defines poetry. Prose in another important work of literature. It is defined to be as the epic literature that is written in lines. It is basic literature that is seen and used daily. Prose includes books, such as novels, tales, and short stories. Like any other literary work, it has different characteristics, and rules and regulations that make up the prose. Drama is also known to be more popular during the golden age. Its a literacy work that is written basically to entertain people, especially Kings Courtyard centuries before. Nowadays, well known dramas play on theaters, throughout the world. Film is an art form of motion picture, also known as movies. Many representatives are involved to make up the film. Film has different characteristics that are known as Action films, Adventure, Comedy, Crime and Gangster, Drama, Epic/Historical, Horror, Musical, Science Fiction, and Western films. ESSAY Definition Essay is a form of writing, which is relatively short and could be literary or non literary writing. The word essay for the first time was used be a French writer, Michele Montaigne, as a matter of fact the origin of the word essay comes from French, which means to try or to attempt to write (Musai, B. 2004). The period when Montaigne started to write essays, even though we find some forms of essays before this period, makes us understand that essay is the newest form of writing in comparison with poetry, prose and drama. Essay is a collection of ideas, mainly literary ideas, or a single idea, written and backed up by some supporting facts. Most of essays have pattern which they are written. English teachers use them frequently as a testing tool, but today they are also a major part in students entrance exam for college or University (Fleming, Grace, 2010). Representatives As mentioned under definition, the common form of essay dates back to Montaigne, whose essays got published in 1588, although the types that we have today are derived and evolved due to the increasing needs and language expansion. From early representatives we also find an English writer, Robert Burton, although he differs on the style from Montaigne. Montaigne used essay writing as a self-discovery, more of a personal narration, whereas Burton expressed his knowledge through essay, more like a modern essay that we have today. Also we find some early representatives from England such as Sir Thomas Browne and Laurence Sterne. Some early representatives from France include also Andre Gide and Jean Cocteau (Britannica Online Encyclopedia, n.d) We can confidentially say that essay has changed its role and purpose since its beginning. Essay has evolved from a personal story to a more detailed tool of one expressing feelings, ideas and so forth. Today essays have same pattern, use a format, and discuss a range of topics; they are used to persuade somebody of something, to narrate a story or an event, express feelings for some issues and policies and even used as a social and political criticism tool. They have evolved and become an integral part of college and University recruitments. More often than not, students are given essay assignment on topics that require a student to take a stand in very controversial issues such as abortion, global warming etc. Types and characteristics of essay Based on the sets of skills one has, today essay provides a form of writing for everyone and every personality. If you are a person that likes to argue, you can use an argumentative type of essay to express your feelings, opinions, thoughts. If you are gifted with descriptive skills, you can use this type of essay and colorful language to describe something. In general, these are the types of literary essays: descriptive, narrative, evaluation and persuasive or argumentative essay. Narrative is more of a literary type of essay, meaning it is characterized more in artistic language. The story in narrative essay most of the time is written in chronological order. Descriptive essay could be literary or non-literary (Fleming, G. 2010). This type of essay is used to describe an object, a place, a person or an event. An example of this would be: What is a car, what is it made of, how is it put together, how long it lasts and so on. Evaluation essay has multiple types and is mostly used in different levels of education. Some of the evaluation essays are: essay of a process or guide, comparison contrast essay, calcification essay, cause and effect essay, conclusive essay etc. Persuasive or argumentative essay is one of the four main types of essay. Its goal is to persuade the reader to accept, master, or act according to the ideas of the writer. This is different from the goal of narrative essay which is that reader tries to understand the authors ideas. In this type of essay, writer is required to back up his ideas with statistics or other proofs to convince the reader of things he is writing are correct (Musai, B. 2004). There are also non-literary types of essays such as visual arts, music, film and photography etc. The general format of essay is: introduction which is made of three to four sentences; body of the essay that can have multiple paragraphs and conclusion (Lilly, M. 2006). In general, essay is different from other literary writings. It is somewhat similar to prose because it is written in lines. Sometimes it could also be similar to prose in content especially narrative and descriptive essays. The difference between the essay and the narration is that narration contains more figurative expressions, whereas essay contains facts and supporting arguments. This also concludes that essay differs a lot with poem and drama. However, in contrary to other literary and non-literary forms, essay is written for multiple purposes and different topics. Today it is written in different educational levels, hiring purposes, in daily paper etc. POETRY Definition: The word Poetry derives from a Greek word poiesis, which means in a making. Poetry is a unique art of literacy, but it doesnt have a clear definition of what it is. It is said that poetry uses a fictional plot, a specialized language, and it is written in a special form (style). When writing poems, authors try to express their thoughts in less space using that specialized language, not compare to novels and short stories that use much more space. Poetry is an ancient art of literacy, before people use to carve poetry in the caves, and that is known to exist long before. There are many poets, and uncountable written poems thought the time, but there isnt a clear definition of what poetry is. Although, many poets have their own definition of poetry. For example Paul Engle definition of poetry is: Poetry is boned with ideas, nerved and blooded with emotions, all held together by the delicate, tough skin of words (Poetry America, 2009) by Paul Engle. Another quote by Aristotle: Poetry is more philosophical and of higher value than history; for poetry tends to express the universal, history the particular(Poetry America, 2009). Even though it is difficult to define poetry, most people are able to recognize it when they see it. It is worth remembering that poetry especially in the form of the song is one of the oldest forms of artistic expression, it is much older than prose and is seems to originate in a human impulse that reached for expression in joy, grief, doubt, hope, loneliness, love, etc. For example, the National Anthems are poems, that are turned into songs or the Anthem that express so much feeling, about joy, victory of being proud of their heroes and their Nation. Representatives: There are many well known Poets thought the world, but to be represented in this paper two preferred once are chosen: Robert Frost and Emily Dickinson. Both are American Poets, whose art of poetry is well known. They have contributed so much to the American literature and have enriched it with their creativity. Robert Frost has written many poems, but his poems are well know, one of which is Stopping by woods on a Snowy Evening (Academy of American Poets, 2009). Emily Dickenson is one of the most famous female poets in American literature. She has written close to 2000 poems, and her poems were numbered. On of her many poems is called: A Bird came down the walk (328) (Academy of American Poets, 2009). Differences between Poetry and Drama: The Poetry and Drama are different in many ways. Drama is presented to the public as an entertainment, either telling a story which the author is not physically there, but it is told though different other people, or actors. Whereas poetry is also recited by other people besides from the poet himself/herself. Sometimes is it also played in the stage too, through songs. Characteristics of Poetry: There are many characteristics of poetry, the main ones are Lyrical poetry and Narrative poetry (Lethbridge Mildroft, 2003). Lyrical poetry are short, non-narrative poems, which include subcategories, and one of them is the Sonnet, which is written in fourteen lines (Lethbridge Mildroft, 2003). The Narrative poetry is a form of poetry that tells stories through it, for example love stories, tragedies etc. Other forms of poetry are written in four lines, which are known as stanza. Stanza is used more often in poetry, by many Albanian poets as well as poets throughout the world. PROSE Definition Prose is a type of epic literature that is written in lines. Usually sentences in prose continuous in that line, not in another one. Some authors (writers) say that writing prose is the best form of writing, because words are in their best order. Sometimes we wonder what does the word PROSE means. The word prose comes from another similar Latin word that is PROSA and it is used to describe facts or anybodys thoughts. Representatives There are many well known prose writers but we mention two or three of them, like Shakespeare, Virgina Wolf, Henry Fielding etc. Shakespeare is one of the most famous writer, he is known with his dramas like: Romeo Juliet, Macbeth etc. Virginia Woolf is the one who presents a new style of writing in Prose through the events, such as Stream of Consciousness, and Henry Fielding who gives another direction of prose writing. Differences between prose and poetry There are some differences between prose and poetry. We can say that prose is easier to understand because unlike prose for poetry, we can explain prose with our words. Another difference is that in prose it doesnt matter if it rhymes or not. There are a lot of differences between prose and poetry but despite this sometime it is difficult to note which one is prose and which one is poetry (Rrahmani, Z., 1999). Differences between prose and drama Expect the differences between prose and poetry there are some differences between prose and drama. In the prose the author is the one that describes characters and settings, but in the drama there are actors and actresses that play on it. Characteristics of prose There are two basic kinds of prose: elementary forms and composed forms (Rrahmani, Z., 1999). In the elementary form there are: Legend, Myth, Fairy tales, and in the composed forms there are: Novel, novelette, Tale (Rrahmani, Z., 1999). Elementary forms The word Legend comes from Latin word that means something that is needed to be read. That tells a story which can be real but which can contain other decorative elements. Myth is Greek word that has a lot of meanings like: tale, language, speaking etc. It talks about tribes, their lives and the origin of world. Fairy Tale is another kind of elementary literature form and it is wordy creation that combines real and fantastic motives (Rrahmani, Z., 1999). Composed forms Novel is large type of prose and the word roman comes from Latin word lingua romana. Novel was read by different social layers. Word novelette means something new, that comes from Latin Word novelus. Novelette contains extraordinary motives but it doesnt mean that novel avoid other events from daily life. Novelette contains some structure elements like: small number of characters, interlacing between real and fantastic. Tale is a short type of prose, this type comes from fairy tales and legends. In tale there are reflected some important side of reality (Rrahmani, Z., 1999). DRAMA Definition: The general term DRAMA (Classical Greek: ÃŽÂ ´Ãƒ Ã‚ Ãƒ ¡Ã‚ ¾Ã‚ ¶ÃƒÅ½Ã‚ ¼ÃƒÅ½Ã‚ ±, drà ¡ma meaning action) (Wikipedia, 2009) is understood to be a composition literary, which is written to be represented in theaters. For that reason authors consider its solid rules, without their application drama cant be successful in stage. At drama devoid the confession and description, whereas all the text surrender via dialogue and monologue. Drama differs considerably from poetry or narrative because drama it is usually written to be performed in stage by actors. Aside from the text that actors will express, didaskaliet are also a component of drama, wherewith characterizes the view of scene, personages doings and demenaunors, the noises that are going to be heard etc., which usually puts in brackets. Classic drama (Greek and roman) was written in verse and was played in amphitheaters, some of them are still saved (for example in Butrint, which was Greek colony). Classic drama have had a solid construction, they were count by strong rules, so its composition necessarily traversed in those phases: exhibition, interlacement, culmination, vicissitude and solution. A drama usually separate in small components, which are called acts, so we have dramas with five acts, three acts, one act etc., meanwhile smaller unit is scene, which hits every actors entrance and exit in stage. Another feature of classic drama was oneness of the place (the event had to came off in one place), oneness of the time (the event held out twenty-four hours) and oneness of the doings (the event didnt have a break). As every drama flow by a conflict, which make a specific language, more dynamic, more emotional, not usual. Modern drama arrived to bring in scene the man, life and random language (Culler, 1997). Characteristics of the drama Until the18th century tragedy and comedy were the main kinds, but later the drama was displayed, which then took the dominant role. Tragedy In the ancient time handled the destiny of the kings and demigods. The affairs which civilized were unusual and big. The language of the drama wasnt daily, it style was high so just Kings and Queens and the people of the court could understand it. Later on the characters of the tragedy became the big historical characters. The main feature of the tragedy is that its conflict ends necessarily with the heros death. Comedy (In Greek komo convivial and od song) is a dramatic work (Wikipedia, 2009). Since antique comedy attended with usual people and usual events, which had a happy ends. As tragedy designed to concuss with its tragic end, comedy designed to make you laugh. Comedy was very open divide its designed thematic, divide its yoked characters and divide its way of civilizing. From the roman authors disunited Plaut and Terenci than Shakespeare in England, Molier in France, Gogol in Russia, etc. There are many centuries that dominate the writing of drama, which is written in prose, which doesnt have solid rules anymore like classic creations, which has a much wider gamut of the thematic and has an unlimited chance to choose the characters. It design mans destiny, who is confronted with different harnesses, who collides with the fellowship and pass into the tragic and comic situates at the same time. After the technology revolution, from drama some new styles of art appeared, which are much more famous in all over the world, like radiodrama, television drama and movie. FILM Definition: Film is an art form of motion pictures, also known as movies. Films/movies are shown in cinemas, or movie theaters, where people gather to see them. Film is a form of entertainment which has grown into a huge business worldwide nowadays. The first motion picture ever made is known to be The Horse In Motion which dates back in the 1878 (Associated Content Inc., 2010). Further more, there isnt an exact answer when the first movies was made, because back then the technology was not as advanced as it is now. But the film technology has improved throughout the years, the first movies, were without sounds, and without colors, and now there are 3D movies, which are said to be advanced. Representatives: First of all film representatives are considered the writes, those of short stories, Novels, Fictions, Fairytales etc. Then there are people who are part of making the film, which are known as the screenwriters, actors/actresses, film crew, film director(s), experimental film makers, movie studios, and finally film critics (Knowledgerush, 2009). Difference between Drama and Film: The difference between drama and film isnt much different, except the Drama is performed in from of an audience, whereas film is recorded and then shown to the audience. At the end they have the same idea, it is an art of entertainment and also a way to educate people though different plays, or shows and also different films. Characteristics of Film: There are different characteristics of Film/movie, for example: Action films are those that have in it battles, fightings, explosions, fires, basically that show a lot of action. As everyone knows that The James Bond films are action films. Adventure films are films that have to do with expeditions, trying new things, exploration of near and far away lands, such as the quest to find the hidden treasure, for example the movies National Treasure. Comedy Films are films that make the audience laugh while telling a story. Crime and Gangster Films are films that have to do with murders, and generally with people that dont obey the law. For example The Law and Order series. Drama films, are the once that have to do with romance, romantically tragedies etc (American Movies Classics Company, 2009). Epic/Historical Films are based on historical events, on war, or on heroic figure for example the Albanian heroic figure is made into a film known as The Scanderbeg. Horror films are basically films that are made to terrify the audience, at the same time to entertain them. Musicals (dance) films are films that have lots of dancing and singing in it. A well know musical movie called The Sound of Music. Science fiction films are those that have aliens, the ones that are well known are The Star War series. And finally the Western film, are generally known as the American cowboy movies, with Indians, guns, horses etc (American Movies Classics Company,  ©2009). Conclusion: To conclude of what is mentioned above about Essay, Poetry, Prose, Drama and Film, it is important to include that they have enriched literature that is known to us today. These subcategories of literature are all connected to one another. They are a written art, which has improved peoples knowledge. Everything that is known to mankind, about its history it is written through essays, poetry, prose, drama and also showed in motion picture. Even though each of them has different characteristics, they all have one purpose that is to communicate between people.

Defining Race, Gender, Class Lens :: Race Gender Social Class

What is the Race, Gender, Class Lens? Race, gender and class shape the experience of all people. This fact has been widely documented in research and, to some extent, is commonly understood. New studies interpret race, gender, class as interlocking categories of experience that affect all aspects of life; thus they simultaneously structure the experiences of all people in society. At any moment, race, class or gender may feel more salient or meaningful in a given persons life, but they are overlapping and cumulative on their effect on people's experiences. Because of their simultaneity in people's lives we advocate using the approach of a "matrix of domination" to analyze race, class, and gender as different but interrelated axes of social structure. A matrix of domination posits multiple, interlocking levels of domination that stem from the societal configuration of race, class,and gender relations. This structural pattern affects individual consciousness, group interaction, and group access to institutional power and privileges (Collins 1990). Race, Gender, Class analysis invites us to distinguish between "thinking comparatively" and "thinking relationally." People think comparatively when they learn about experiences other than their own and begin comparing and contrasting the experiences of different groups. This is a step beyond centering one's own thinking on a single group (typically one's own), but is nonetheless limited. Relational thinking involves seeing the interrelationships among diverse group experiences. When you think relationally, you see the social structures that simultaneously generate unique group histories and link them together in society. This does not mean that one group's experiences is the same as another's, although finding commonalities is an important step toward more inclusive thinking. In thinking relationally, you untangle the workings of social systems that shape the experiences of different people and groups, and you move beyond just comparing(for example) gender oppression with race oppression, or the oppression of gays and lesbians with that of racial groups. Defining Race, Gender, Class Lens :: Race Gender Social Class What is the Race, Gender, Class Lens? Race, gender and class shape the experience of all people. This fact has been widely documented in research and, to some extent, is commonly understood. New studies interpret race, gender, class as interlocking categories of experience that affect all aspects of life; thus they simultaneously structure the experiences of all people in society. At any moment, race, class or gender may feel more salient or meaningful in a given persons life, but they are overlapping and cumulative on their effect on people's experiences. Because of their simultaneity in people's lives we advocate using the approach of a "matrix of domination" to analyze race, class, and gender as different but interrelated axes of social structure. A matrix of domination posits multiple, interlocking levels of domination that stem from the societal configuration of race, class,and gender relations. This structural pattern affects individual consciousness, group interaction, and group access to institutional power and privileges (Collins 1990). Race, Gender, Class analysis invites us to distinguish between "thinking comparatively" and "thinking relationally." People think comparatively when they learn about experiences other than their own and begin comparing and contrasting the experiences of different groups. This is a step beyond centering one's own thinking on a single group (typically one's own), but is nonetheless limited. Relational thinking involves seeing the interrelationships among diverse group experiences. When you think relationally, you see the social structures that simultaneously generate unique group histories and link them together in society. This does not mean that one group's experiences is the same as another's, although finding commonalities is an important step toward more inclusive thinking. In thinking relationally, you untangle the workings of social systems that shape the experiences of different people and groups, and you move beyond just comparing(for example) gender oppression with race oppression, or the oppression of gays and lesbians with that of racial groups.